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RUSVM Parasitology > Insects: Bot Flies > Flashcards

Insects: Bot Flies Flashcards

1
Q

Bot flies have __________ that are obligatory parasites of animals.

A

Bot flies have** larval stages** that are obligatory parasites of animals.

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2
Q

In most cases of bot flies, the ___________ is the largest concern from an animal health perspective.

A

In most cases of bot flies, the larval stage is the largest concern from an animal health perspective.

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3
Q

The common names for the Cuterebra spp are __________________.

A

The common names for the Cuterebra spp are Rodent bot fly, Rabbit bot fly, New World Skin bot flies.

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4
Q

Adult Cuterebra are described as __________.

A

Adult Cuterebra are described as large and bee-like.

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5
Q

Cuterebra larvae are described as ___________.

A

Cuterebra larvae are described as dark brown and 2-4cm.

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6
Q

Cuterebra site of infestation is typically ______________.

A

Cuterebra site of infestation is typically subcutaneous tissues in various locations.

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7
Q

Hypoderma adults are described as ______________.

A

Hypoderma adults are described as large and bee-like.

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8
Q

Hypoderma larva are described as ____________.

A

Hypoderma larva are described as 3cm, dark brown with earlier stages lighter in color..

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9
Q

Hypoderma site of infestation is typically _____________.

A

Hypoderma site of infestation is typically subcutaneous tissues on the back.

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10
Q

Oestrus ovis adults are described as _____________.

A

Oestrus ovis adults are described as large up to 1.2 cm.

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11
Q

Oestrus ovis larvae are described as __________________.

A

Oestrus ovis larvae are described as 3cm, yellow with dark transverse bands.

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12
Q

Site of infestation for Oestrus ovis is typically _____________.

A

Site of infestation for Oestrus ovis is typically nasal passages and sinuses.

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13
Q

Gasterophilus adults are described as _____________.

A

Gasterophilus adults are described as large up to 1.8 cm.

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14
Q

Gasterophilus larvae are described as ______________.

A

Gasterophilus larvae are described as 2cm, red or yellow with rows of spines.

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15
Q

Site of infestation of Gasterophilus is typically ____________.

A

Site of infestation of Gasterophilus is typically the stomach.

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16
Q

Cuterebra mouthparts are _____________.

A

Cuterebra mouthparts are vestigial.

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17
Q

Female Cuterebra lay eggs along _______________.

A

Female Cuterebra lay eggs along rabbit runs and near rodent burrows.

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18
Q

Life cycle of Cuterebra

A
  1. Cuterebra eggs hatch in response to heat from nearby host.
  2. First stage larvae hatch instantaneously and enter the body through the mouth and nares
  3. Larvae migrate to various species-specifc subcutaneous locations, develop and communicate with the air through a breathing pore
  4. Larvae exit the skin, fall to the soil, and pupate
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19
Q

Duration of pupationf of Cuterebra varies depending on ____________.

A

Duration of pupationf of Cuterebra varies depending on environmental factors.

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20
Q

Aberrant sites of the Cuerebra include __________.

A

Aberrant sites of the Cuerebra include mouth, nose or brain.

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21
Q

Pathogenesis, Lesions and Clinical Signs of Cuterebra

A

Matted hair at the affected area and fibrotic cyst forms the larvae in the subcutaneous tissue.

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22
Q

Migration of Cuterebra larvae in the cat brain can cause _________________.

A

Migration of Cuterebra larvae in the cat can cause Infarction and Feline ischemic encephalopathy.

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23
Q

Infarction

A

tissue death due to obstructio of blood supply

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24
Q

Feline Ischeic Encephalopathy

A

Deficiency of blood because of obstruction of blood vessels to the brain

25
Q

Diagnosis of Cuterebra is made by ____________.

A

Diagnosis of Cuterebra is made by finding and identifing a larva.

26
Q

Cuterebra larvae are treated by ______________.

A

Cuterebra larvae are treated by removing it by enlarging its breathing hole.

27
Q

Squashing Cuterebra larvae may result in ____________.

A

Squashing Cuterebra larvae may result in severe tissue reaction resulting from a Type 1 hypersensitity type reaction.

28
Q

____________________ may protect the host from Cuterebra infection but these products are not approved for this claim.

A

MCL heartworm prevention may protect the host from Cuterebra infection but these products are not approved for this claim.

29
Q

Common names for Hypoderma spp are ______________.

A

Common names for Hypoderma spp are Warble Fly, Heel Fly, Ox Warble and Cattle Grub.

30
Q

Distribution of Hypoderma spp is ______________.

A

Distribution of Hypoderma spp is worldwide.

31
Q

Mouthparts of Hypoderma spp are __________ and ___________.

A

Mouthparts of Hypoderma spp are vestigial and short.

32
Q

Eggs of Hypoderma are ______________.

A

Eggs of Hypoderma are slender and white about 1mm long.

33
Q

Eggs of H. Bovis are laid _________.

A

Eggs of H. Bovis are laid singly.

34
Q

Eggs of H. lineatum are laid __________.

A

Eggs of H. lineatum are laid in rows of 6 or more.

35
Q

Life cycle of Hypoderma spp

A
  1. Adult glues eggs on haris of host
  2. First instars hatch in a few days, burrow through the skin and migrate through the connective tissue
  3. Migrate to the subcutaneous tissues of the back, cut breathing holes into the skin
  4. Third instar spends 2 months in warbles
  5. Larvae enlarge breathing holes and emerge and fall to the ground to pupate
  6. Adult flies emerge from pupa cases about 1 month later
36
Q

Larvae of H. bovis accumulate in the ____________.

A

Larvae of H. bovis accumulate in the **epidural fate of spinal cord **.

37
Q

Larvae of H. lineatum accumulate in the ____________.

A

Larvae of H. lineatum accumulate in the submucosa of the esophagus.

38
Q

Third stage larvae of Hypoderma under the skin damage _______________.

A

Third stage larvae of Hypoderma under the skin damage adjacent flesh and this necessitates the trimming and downgrading of a carcass.

39
Q

Butchers Jelly

A

Greenish gelatinous tissue see in the infested esophageal submucosal tissues, caused by Hypderma

40
Q

If larvae of H. bovis should die in the spinal cord, releases ____________________.

A

If larvae of H. bovis should die in the spinal cord, releases highly toxic proteolysis, which may caus paraplegia.

41
Q

Death of H. lineatum larvae in the esophageal wall may cause ____________________.

A

Death of H. lineatum larvae in the esophageal wall may cause bloat through esophageal stricture and faulty regurgitation.

42
Q

Treatment of Hypoderma includes the use of _____________ and ____________, to kill larvae.

A

Treatment of Hypoderma includes the use of Systemic MCLs and **Organophosphates, **to kill larvae.

43
Q

Prevention of Hypoderma acheived by ______________.

A

Prevention of Hypoderma acheived by** giving treatments in fall before larvae migrate**.

44
Q

Important thing to remember about treating/preventing Hypoderma is that ________________.

A

Important thing to remember about treating/preventing Hypoderma is that timing is critical.

45
Q

Common names for Oestrus ovis are ___________________.

A

Common names for Oestrus ovis are Sheep Nasal Both Fly, Warble Fly of Sheep, Goats and Llamas.

46
Q

Distribution of Oestrus ovis is __________.

A

Distribution of Oestrus ovis is worldwide.

47
Q

Life cycle of Oestrus Ovis

A
  1. Female spurts a jet of liquid containing 25 first stage larvae delivered at a time to the nostrils of sheep
  2. Larvae migrate into the nasal cavity and reamin in the nostrils for 2wk-9mo depending on season
  3. Mature larvae leave the nasal passages, drop to the ground and pupate
48
Q

Oestrus ovis larvea cause _______________ with their oral hooks and ventral spines.

A

Oestrus ovis larvea cause irritation and excessive secretion by mucous membanes with their oral hooks and ventral spines..

49
Q

Sheep infected with Oestrus ovis have ________________; _________________ is common.

A

Sheep infected with Oestrus ovis have copious nasal discharge and sneeze frequently; **secondary infection **is common.

50
Q

__________ are used to treat Oestrus ovis. Treatment at the _____________, to kill newly acquired __________, and the second at _________ to kill _____________.

A

MCLs are used to treat Oestrus ovis. Treatment at the beginning of summer, to kill newly acquired larvae, and the second at midwinter to kill overwintering larvae.

51
Q

Common names for Gasterophilus spp are _________________.

A

Common names for Gasterophilus spp are Bot Fly Larvae or Bot Fly.

52
Q

Distribution of Gasterophilus spp is _____________.

A

Distribution of Gasterophilus spp is Worldwide.

53
Q

Life cycle of G. Intestinalis

A
  1. Eggs are deposited on hari and forelegs and should
  2. First instar hatches from egg when licked by the horse and attaches to tongue or lips
  3. In oral cavity they develop to second instars and are swallowed
  4. Develope into third instar in the duodenal ampulla
  5. Pass out witht eh feces to pupate in the soil
54
Q

Life cycle of G. Nasalis

A
  1. Eggs are deposited on hairs of the intermandiblar area
  2. First instar hatches spontaneously and crawls into the mouth
  3. In oral cavity they develop to second instars and are swallowed
  4. Develope into third instar in the stomach
  5. Pass out witht eh feces to pupate in the soil
55
Q

Attachement of instars can provoke _______________.

A

Attachement of instars can provoke inflammatory reaction.

56
Q

Diagnosis of Gasterophilus spp based on _________________.

A

Diagnosis of Gasterophilus spp based on identificaion of larvae in the feces, observation of eggs on haris, behavior from adult fly activity.

57
Q

Treatment of Gasterophilus spp includes ____________ and ____________.

A

Treatment of Gasterophilus spp includes removing eggs from hair coat and parasiticides to remove larvae.

58
Q
A

RUSVM Parasitology (16 decks)

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