Insects: Flies Flashcards
Arthropods include the ________ and the _________.
Arthropods include the insects and the arachnids.
Most adult arthropods have a hard chitnous _______, a __________ body, and ________.
Most adult arthropods have a hard chitnous exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed limbs.
General characteristics of insects include:
- _______ pairs of legs
- Body divided into _______, _________ and _________
- Single pair of _________
General characteristics of insects include:
- Three pairs of legs
- Body divided into head, thorax and abdomen
- Single pair of antennae
Flies belong to the order __________.
Flies belong to the order Diptera.
Important identifying characteristics of the fly include the _________ of the fly, its ___________, and the location of the _____, ________ and/or _______ in/on a host.
Important identifying characteristics of the fly include the** size** of the fly, its mouthparts, and the location of the fly, larvae and/or eggs in/on a host.
Mouthparts may be adapted for_______ and______; _________ and ________; _________ only or they may be _________.
Mouthparts may be adapted for piercing and** sucking**; cutting and sponging; sponging only or they may be vestigial.
Fly larvae are _________, with ______ on each segment.
Fly larvae are segmented, with spines on each segment.
The anterior end of the fly larvae possesses a pair of ____________ and the blunt posterior end has a pair of ______________.
The anterior end of the fly larvae possesses a pair of oral hooks and the blunt posterior end has a pair of spiracular plates.
Maggots
Slender and wormlike and the spines on the third stage larvae are small
Bots
Stout and large with spines on the third stage larvae numerous and large.
Fly eggs are described as
creamy white, 1mm and banana shaped.
The life cycle of all flies consists of ______, _____, _________ and _________.
The life cycle of all flies consists of egg, larvae, pupa and adult.
Larvae are called ________ and there are typically _______ stages.
Larvae are called instars and there are typically ** 3 instar** stages.
Length of time required for completing the life cycle is _____________ dependent and typically _______ to _____________.
Length of time required for completing the life cycle is temperature dependent and typically 7 days to several months.
When life stages occur outside of the animal, the ________ stage is typically the overwintering stage.
When life stages occur outside of the animal, the pupa stage is typically the overwintering stage.
The site of infection of flies is the __________.
The site of infection of flies is the skin.
The parasitic phase in osme species is the ___________ stage developing in the skin, wool or internal organs.
The parasitic phase in osme species is the larval stage developing in the skin, wool or internal organs.
The common name of Musca autumnalis is _________.
The common name of Musca autumnalis is Face Fly.
The common name of Musca domestica is __________.
The common name of Musca domestica is Housefly.
Distribution of Musca spp is ________.
Distribution of Musca spp is worldwide.
Adult Musca spp characteristics.
5.5-7.5mm in length, light to dark grey in color. 4 distinct dark longitudinal shapes on the thorax and the grey abdomen has various light and dark markings.
Mouthparts of the Musca spp are adapted for _________.
Mouthparts of the Musca spp are adapted for sponging.
Site of infection of Musca autumnalis ______________.
Site of infection of Musca autumnalis around the eyes and muzzle where they gather on livestock.
Site of infection of Musca domestica__________.
Site of infection of Musca domestica** can be anywhere on the animal and buildings**.
Pathogenesis and lesions of Musca autumnalis:
Crawl on face, feeding on ocular and nasal discharges. Extremely annoying to pastered animals
Musca autumnalis are the mechanical vector of ______________ and biological vectors of _____________.
Musca autumnalis are the mechanical vector of infectious keratoconjunctivitis and biological vectors of spirurid nematodes.
Musca autumnalis are _______ to enter buildings
Musca autumnalis are reluctant to enter buildings
Musca domestica serve as biological vectors of _____________ and _____________ in horses.
Musca domestica serve as biological vectors of Draschia megastoma and Habronema spp. in horses.
Tretment of flies includes the use of:
A range of insecticides and products available to control flies
Common name of Stomoxys calcitrans is ______________.
Common name of Stomoxys calcitrans is Stable fly and biting housefly.
Distribution of Stomoxys calcitrans is ___________.
Distribution of Stomoxys calcitrans is worldwide.
Adult Stomoxys calcitrans resemble ___________, but have a ______________.
Adult Stomoxys calcitrans resemble Musca spp., but have a long, pointed proboscis.
Characteristics of adult Stomoxys calcitrans
Possess a shorter abdomen with 3 dark spots in the second and third abdominal segments. Proboscis is prominent.
Mouthparts of Stomoxys calcitrans are adapted for ____________.
Mouthparts of Stomoxys calcitrans are adapted for piercing and sucking.
Stomoxys calcitrans prefer to lay eggs in _____________.
Stomoxys calcitrans prefer to lay eggs in decaying vegetable matter.
Stomoxys calcitrans feed on blood _________ times a day.
Stomoxys calcitrans feed on blood 1-2 times a day.
Presence of Stomoxys calcitrans causes
increased head and ear movement, skin twitches, and tail swishes in animals.
The bite of Stomoxys calcitrans is __________ and results in ______________.
The bite of Stomoxys calcitrans is painful and results in interrupted feeding patterns.
Stomoxys calcitrans are mechanical vectors of ______________ and the intermediate host of _______________ in horses.
Stomoxys calcitrans are mechanical vectors of anthrax, trypanosomes, and equine infectious anemia and the intermediate host of Habronema muscae in horses.
Common name for Haematobia irritans is ___________.
Common name for Haematobia irritans is Horn Fly.
Distribution of Haematobia irritans is __________.
Distribution of Haematobia irritans is worldwide.
Haematobia irritans is distinguished from Stomoxys calcitrans by
Haematobia irritans is distinguished from Stomoxys calcitrans by being half the size (4mm) and having shorter proboscis.
The smallest blood sucking muscid is ____________.
The smallest blood sucking muscid is Haematobia irritans.
Site of infection of Haematobia irritans is ____________.
Site of infection of Haematobia irritans is back, sides and abdomen of cattle..
Large numbers of clustering Haematobia irritans cause ______________ that can cause ___________.
Large numbers of clustering Haematobia irritans cause intense irritation that can cause impaired milk production and weight gains.
Haematobia irritans transmit __________.
Haematobia irritans transmit ** cattle helminths**.
Treatment of Haematobia irritans is commonly _____________, due to flies spending much of thier time on their host.
Treatment of Haematobia irritans is commonly parasiticides, due to flies spending much of thier time on their host.
Drug resistance can be seen in ___________.
Drug resistance can be seen in Haematobia irritans.
The common name for Culicoides spp is ________________.
The common name for Culicoides spp is Biting Midges and No-See-Ums.
Distribution of Culicoides spp is ____________.
Distribution of Culicoides spp is worldwide.
Culicoides spp adults described as
1.5-5mm long with short piercing proboscis. Wings are mottled and held closed over the abdomen.
Culicoides spp are associated with _______________ habitats.
Culicoides spp are associated with **aquatic or semi-aquatic **habitats.
Culicoides spp have _______ instar stages and a __________ life cycle.
Culicoides spp have 4 instar stages and a longer life cycle.
_____________ is a condition caused by Culicoides spp.
Summer dermatitis is a condition caused by Culicoides spp.
Summer dermatitis presents with ___________________, due to the animal becoming allergic to bites.
Summer dermatitis presents with alopecia, excorations and thickening of skin, due to the animal becoming allergic to bites.
Culicoides spp transmit ____________ and also serve as the intermediate host for _____________. They transmit ______________ in sheep and cattle.
Culicoides spp transmit African Horse Sickness (AHS) and also serve as the intermediate host for Onchocerca cervicalis. They transmit bluetongue virus in sheep and cattle.
The common name for Tabanus spp is the _____________.
The common name for Tabanus spp is the Horse flies and gad flies.
The common name for Chrysops spp is ____________.
The common name for Chrysops spp is Deer flies.
Distribution of tabanus spp and Chrysops spp is ____________.
Distribution of tabanus spp and Chrysops spp is worldwide.
Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp adults can be describe as
Medium to large up to 25mm long.
Tabanus spp are _____________ than Chrysops spp.
Tabanus spp are larger than Chrysops spp.
Chrysops spp adults can be described as
medium sized and have a dark band across their wings
Mouthparts of Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp are adapted for ________________.
Mouthparts of Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp are adapted for slashing and sponging.
The life cycle of Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp under ideal temperature conditions requires a minimum of ____________ and can take up to __________.
The life cycle of Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp under ideal temperature conditions requires a minimum of 4 monthsand can take up to 3 years.
Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp are mechanical vectors of organisms responsible for _____________________.
Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp are mechanical vectors of organisms responsible for anthrax, pasteurellosis, trypanosomosis, anaplasmosis, equine infectious anemia and loasis.
Most difficult blood sucking flies are ________________.
Most difficult blood sucking flies are Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp.
Common name of Melophagus ovinus is _____________.
Common name of Melophagus ovinus is Sheep Ked and Sheep Tick.
Distribution of Melophagus ovinus is ___________.
Distribution of Melophagus ovinus is worldwide.
Characteristics of Melphagus ovinus include ________________.
Characteristics of Melphagus ovinus include ** 5-7mm in length, hairy and wingless with short head and broad, flattened, brownish thorax and abdomen.**
Mouthparts of Melophagus ovinus are adapted for _______________.
Mouthparts of Melophagus ovinus are adapted for sucking.
Melophagus ovinus pupae are described as _____________.
Melophagus ovinus pupae are described as ovoid, dark brown, 3-4mm and attached to wool.
The entire life cycle of Melophagus ovinus takes place __________.
The entire life cycle of Melophagus ovinus takes place on the host.
Heavy infestations of Melophagus ovinus are seen in __________________.
Heavy infestations of Melophagus ovinus are seen in autumn and winter.
Life cycle of Melophagus ovinus
- Female gives birth to mature larvae
- Larvae adhere to the wool and pupate within 12 hours
Producers mistake pupae for ___________.
Producers mistake pupae for engorged ticks.
Heavy infections of Melophagus ovinus results in ______________.
Heavy infections of Melophagus ovinus results in loss of conditions and anemia.
Melophagus ovinus transmits ___________.
Melophagus ovinus transmits Trypanosoma melophaglum.
Melophagus ovinus is diagnosed by ___________.
Melophagus ovinus is diagnosed by inspection of the damaged, dirty wool and underlying skin reveals infestation.
Melophagus ovinus can be treated by _____________.
Melophagus ovinus can be treated by shearing to remove pupae and adults and treatment of ewes with insecticides prior to lambing.
Distribution of Culicidae is __________.
Distribution of Culicidae is worldwide.
Culicidae can be described as _______________.
Culicidae can be described as having one pair of wings with long legs.
Culicidae mothparts consist of ___________.
Culicidae mothparts consist of long proboscis.
Female culicideae feed on _________.
Female culicideae feed on blood.
Male Culicidae feed on ___________.
Male Culicidae feed on nectar, plant juices, and other liquids..
