Protists

Question 1

Why is the kingdom Protista no longer considered a legit taxon?

Answer 1

Protists are genetically and morphologically closer to plants, animals and fungi than to other protists.

Question 2

The organisms in most eukaryotic lineages are ______

Answer 2

Protists

Question 3

Protists exhibit more structural and functional _________ than the eukaryotes with which we are most familar

Answer 3

Diversity

Question 4

process that gave rise to diversity of protists that exist today

Answer 4

endosymbiosis

Question 5

relationship between 2 species in which one organism lives inside the cells or cells of another organism

Answer 5

endosymbiosis

Question 6

Evolved by endosymbiosis of an aerobic prokaryote

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

diplomonads, parabasalids, euglenozoans

Answer 7

excavata

Question 8

dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, ciliates, diatoms, brown algae, oomycetes, radiolarians, forams, cercozoans

Answer 8

SAR

Question 9

Red algae, chlorophytes, charophyceans, land plants

Answer 9

Archaeplastida

Question 10

Slime molds, gymnamoebas, entamoebas, nucleariids, fungi, choanoflagellates, tubulinids, animals

Answer 10

Unikonta

Question 11

evolved by endosymbiosis of a photosynthetic cyanobacterium

Answer 11

Plastid

Question 12

5 supergroups of Eukaryotes

Answer 12

Excavates, Chromalveolates, Rhizarians, Archaeplastida, Unikonts

Question 13

Belong to a diverse clade that includes predatory heterotrophs, photosynthetic autotrophs, mixotrophs and parasites

Answer 13

Euglenozoans

Question 14

Trypanosoma is what type of eugle
nozoan

Answer 14

kinetoplastid

Question 15

Main morphological feature that distinguishes euglenozoans

Answer 15

spiral or crystalline structure inside each flagella

Question 16

2 main types of euglenozoans

Answer 16

kinetoplastids and euglenids

Question 17

Euglenozoan that causes african sleeping sickness

Answer 17

Trypanosoma

Question 18

Euglenids are both ____trophic and _____trophic

Answer 18

autotrophic and heterotrophic

Question 19

Subgroup of SAR that includes some of most important photosynthetic organisms on the planet

Answer 19

Stramenopiles

Question 20

examples of stramenopiles

Answer 20

diatoms, oomycetes, brown algae

Question 21

unicellular algae w/ a unique glass-like wall made of silicon dioxide. Found in diatomaceous earth and toothpaste

Answer 21

diatoms

Question 22

Largest and most complex algae. All are multicellular and most marine

Answer 22

Brown Algae

Question 23

type of brown algae that is eaten

Answer 23

Laminaria

Question 24

Type of brown algae that appears on Florida coasts in spring and summer

Answer 24

Sargassum

Question 25

Oomycete examples

Answer 25

water molds, white rusts, downy mildews

Question 26

Oomycetes were previously classified as ______

Answer 26

fungi

Question 27

Oomycetes are ______

Answer 27

Decomposers

Question 28

Alveolate examples

Answer 28

dinoflagellates, apicomplexans and ciliates

Question 29

about half of all dinoflagellates are purely _______

Answer 29

heterotrophic

Question 30

Cause red tide

Answer 30

dinoflagellate blooms

Question 31

Nearly all are parasitic and feed on animals/humans and must have a host to complete life cycle

Answer 31

Apicomplexans

Question 32

Causative agent of malaria

Answer 32

Plasmodium falciparum-- apicomplexan

Question 33

large, varied group of protists that use cilia to move and feed

Answer 33

Ciliates

Question 34

Two nuclei in ciliates

Answer 34

macronuclei and micronuclei

Question 35

Micronuclei function in ciliates

Answer 35

function during conjugation- exchange of micronuclei but no reproduction occcurs

Question 36

many of these are amoebas and move via pseudopodia

Answer 36

rhizarians

Question 37

3 groups of rhizarians

Answer 37

radiolarians, forams and cercozoans

Question 38

named for porous shells called tests

Answer 38

foraminiferans (forams)

Question 39

functions of foram psuedopodia

Answer 39

swimming, test formation and feeding

Question 40

90% of foarms are from _____

Answer 40

fossils

Question 41

These protists are the closest relatives of plants

Answer 41

red and green algae

Question 42

heterotrophic protist acquired a cyanobacterial endosymbiont

Answer 42

how green and red algae was formed

Question 43

red algae gets its color from

Answer 43

phycoerythrin, masks green of chlorophyll

Question 44

color of red algae in shallow water

Answer 44

greenish-red

Question 45

color of red algae in deep water

Answer 45

almost black

Question 46

largest multicellular red algae

Answer 46

giant brown kelp (seaweed)

Question 47

multiceullar red algae, commonly used as sushi wraps

Answer 47

Porphyra (nori)

Question 48

Two groups of green algae

Answer 48

Charophytes and chlorophytes

Question 49

green algae most closely related to plants

Answer 49

charophytes

Question 50

two major clads of unikonts

Answer 50

amoebozoans and opisthokonts

Question 51

Chlorophytes included both ____ and ______ due to sexual and asexual reproduction

Answer 51

Gametophyte and sporophyte

Question 52

include protists that are closely related to fungi and animals

Answer 52

unikonts

Question 53

include red and green algae and are closest relative to land plants

Answer 53

archaeplastida

Question 54

diverse group of protists defined by DNA similarities

Answer 54

Rhizarians

Question 55

may have originated by secondary endosymbiosis

Answer 55

chromalveolates

Question 56

include protists with modified mitochondria and protists with unique flagella

Answer 56

excavates

Question 57

these amoebozoans are symbiotic parasites

Answer 57

entamoeba

Question 58

many protists are important _____

Answer 58

producers

Question 59

organism that uses light to convert CO2 to organic compounds, obtain energy from the sun

Answer 59

producer