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bio 2 > Protists > Flashcards

Protists Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why is the kingdom Protista no longer considered a legit taxon?

A

Protists are genetically and morphologically closer to plants, animals and fungi than to other protists.

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2
Q

The organisms in most eukaryotic lineages are ______

A

Protists

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3
Q

Protists exhibit more structural and functional _________ than the eukaryotes with which we are most familar

A

Diversity

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4
Q

process that gave rise to diversity of protists that exist today

A

endosymbiosis

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5
Q

relationship between 2 species in which one organism lives inside the cells or cells of another organism

A

endosymbiosis

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6
Q

Evolved by endosymbiosis of an aerobic prokaryote

A

Mitochondria

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7
Q

diplomonads, parabasalids, euglenozoans

A

excavata

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8
Q

dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, ciliates, diatoms, brown algae, oomycetes, radiolarians, forams, cercozoans

A

SAR

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9
Q

Red algae, chlorophytes, charophyceans, land plants

A

Archaeplastida

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10
Q

Slime molds, gymnamoebas, entamoebas, nucleariids, fungi, choanoflagellates, tubulinids, animals

A

Unikonta

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11
Q

evolved by endosymbiosis of a photosynthetic cyanobacterium

A

Plastid

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12
Q

5 supergroups of Eukaryotes

A

Excavates, Chromalveolates, Rhizarians, Archaeplastida, Unikonts

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13
Q

Belong to a diverse clade that includes predatory heterotrophs, photosynthetic autotrophs, mixotrophs and parasites

A

Euglenozoans

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14
Q

Trypanosoma is what type of eugle
nozoan

A

kinetoplastid

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15
Q

Main morphological feature that distinguishes euglenozoans

A

spiral or crystalline structure inside each flagella

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16
Q

2 main types of euglenozoans

A

kinetoplastids and euglenids

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17
Q

Euglenozoan that causes african sleeping sickness

A

Trypanosoma

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18
Q

Euglenids are both ____trophic and _____trophic

A

autotrophic and heterotrophic

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19
Q

Subgroup of SAR that includes some of most important photosynthetic organisms on the planet

A

Stramenopiles

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20
Q

examples of stramenopiles

A

diatoms, oomycetes, brown algae

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21
Q

unicellular algae w/ a unique glass-like wall made of silicon dioxide. Found in diatomaceous earth and toothpaste

A

diatoms

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22
Q

Largest and most complex algae. All are multicellular and most marine

A

Brown Algae

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23
Q

type of brown algae that is eaten

A

Laminaria

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24
Q

Type of brown algae that appears on Florida coasts in spring and summer

A

Sargassum

25
Q

Oomycete examples

A

water molds, white rusts, downy mildews

26
Q

Oomycetes were previously classified as ______

A

fungi

27
Q

Oomycetes are ______

A

Decomposers

28
Q

Alveolate examples

A

dinoflagellates, apicomplexans and ciliates

29
Q

about half of all dinoflagellates are purely _______

A

heterotrophic

30
Q

Cause red tide

A

dinoflagellate blooms

31
Q

Nearly all are parasitic and feed on animals/humans and must have a host to complete life cycle

A

Apicomplexans

32
Q

Causative agent of malaria

A

Plasmodium falciparum– apicomplexan

33
Q

large, varied group of protists that use cilia to move and feed

A

Ciliates

34
Q

Two nuclei in ciliates

A

macronuclei
and micronuclei

35
Q

Micronuclei function in ciliates

A

function during conjugation- exchange of micronuclei but no reproduction occcurs

36
Q

many of these are amoebas and move via pseudopodia

A

rhizarians

37
Q

3 groups of rhizarians

A

radiolarians, forams and cercozoans

38
Q

named for porous shells called tests

A

foraminiferans (forams)

39
Q

functions of foram psuedopodia

A

swimming, test formation and feeding

40
Q

90% of foarms are from _____

A

fossils

41
Q

These protists are the closest relatives of plants

A

red and green algae

42
Q

heterotrophic protist acquired a cyanobacterial endosymbiont

A

how green and red algae was formed

43
Q

red algae gets its color from

A

phycoerythrin, masks green of chlorophyll

44
Q

color of red algae in shallow water

A

greenish-red

45
Q

color of red algae in deep water

A

almost black

46
Q

largest multicellular red algae

A

giant brown kelp (seaweed)

47
Q

multiceullar red algae, commonly used as sushi wraps

A

Porphyra (nori)

48
Q

Two groups of green algae

A

Charophytes and chlorophytes

49
Q

green algae most closely related to plants

A

charophytes

50
Q

two major clads of unikonts

A

amoebozoans and opisthokonts

51
Q

Chlorophytes included both ____ and ______ due to sexual and asexual reproduction

A

Gametophyte and sporophyte

52
Q

include protists that are closely related to fungi and animals

A

unikonts

53
Q

include red and green algae and are closest relative to land plants

A

archaeplastida

54
Q

diverse group of protists defined by DNA similarities

A

Rhizarians

55
Q

may have originated by secondary endosymbiosis

A

chromalveolates

56
Q

include protists with modified mitochondria and protists with unique flagella

A

excavates

57
Q

these amoebozoans are symbiotic parasites

A

entamoeba

58
Q

many protists are important _____

A

producers

59
Q

organism that uses light to convert CO2 to organic compounds, obtain energy from the sun

A

producer

bio 2 (9 decks)

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