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bio 2 > Plant Diversity Part 1 > Flashcards

Plant Diversity Part 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

are the closest relatives of land plants (green algae)

A

Charophytes

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2
Q

NOT descendants of charophytes but _______ a common ancestor

A

share

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3
Q

Advantages of plants moving to land

A

unfiltered sun, more plentiful CO2, nutrient rich soil and few herbivores or pathogens

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4
Q

Challenges of land

A

scarcity of water, lack of structural support

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5
Q

4 key derived traits of plants

A

alteration of generations, walled spores, multicellular gametangia, apical meristems

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6
Q

apical meristems

A

where stem cells of plant are found

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7
Q

gametophyte (2n or N)

A

haploid

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8
Q

What stage is most common for vascular plants?

A

Sporophyte phase

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9
Q

Sporophyte

A

diploid, but produces haploid spores by meiosis

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10
Q

What stage is most common for non-vascular plants?

A

Gametophyte

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11
Q

sporangia

A

spores produced by sporophyte

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12
Q

undergo meiosis to generate haploid spores

A

sporocytes

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13
Q

sporopollenin

A

found in spore walls, protects against desiccation (drying), makes resistant to harsh environments

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14
Q

produce eggs and are site of fertilization

A

archegonia

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15
Q

site of sperm production and release

A

antheridia

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16
Q

growth regions at plant tips (allow plants to sustain continual growth)

A

apical meristems

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17
Q

Nonvascular plants

A

Bryophytes

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18
Q

plants that have vascular tissue

A

vascular plants

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19
Q

two types of vascular plants

A

Seedless vascular and seed plants

20
Q

two types of seedless vascular plants

A

lycophytes and pterophytes

21
Q

embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat

A

seed

22
Q

two clades of seed plants

A

gymnosperms + angiosperms

23
Q

Naked seed plants (conifers)

A

gymnosperms

24
Q

flowering plants (monocots and dicots)

A

angiosperm

25
Q

Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

A

3 phyla of Bryophytes

26
Q

Dominant stage of Byrophytes

A

Gametophytes are dominant

27
Q

Sperm is produced here by mature gametophytes

A

antheridia

28
Q

Egg is produced here

A

archegonium

29
Q

form extensive deposits of partially decayed organic material

A

Peat moss /Sphagnum

30
Q

Important global resevoir of organic carbon

A

Sphagnum

31
Q

Three characteristics of vascular plants

A

Life cycles with dominant sporophytes, vascular tissues (xlyem, phloem), well developed true roots and leaves

32
Q

conducts most of the water and minerals and includes dead cells

A

xylem

33
Q

dead cells

A

tracheids

34
Q

consists of living cells and distributes nutrients

A

phloem

35
Q

organs that anchor vascular plants and enable water and nutrient absorption from soil

A

Roots

36
Q

Organs that increase surface area of vascular plants for capturing more solar energy used for photosynthesis

A

Leaves

37
Q

Producing one type of spore that develops in bisexual gamete

A

homosporous

38
Q

Most seedless vascular plants are ——-sporous

A

HOMO

39
Q

Producing megaspores that give rise to female gametophytes and microspores that give rise to male gametophytes

A

Heterosporous

40
Q

Give rise to female gametophytes

A

Megaspores

41
Q

Give rise to male gametopytes

A

Microspores

42
Q

Seedless vascular plant examples

A

Lycophyte, Pterophyte

43
Q

Increased photosynthesis may have produced

A

global cooling

44
Q

Decaying plants of carboniferous forests became

A

coal (fossil fuel)

45
Q

evolved in plants to create thickness

A

cuticle

46
Q

Flagellated sperm are found in ______

A

seedless vascular plants

bio 2 (9 decks)

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