Proteins Flashcards
What monomer units make proteins?
Amino acids
How many naturally occurring amino acids are there?
20
How do naturally occurring amino acids differ?
only differ in their R groups
When are dipeptides formed?
when two amino acids are joined together by a condensation reaction, forming a peptide bond
What is a polypeptide?
a polymer made of many amino acids joined together by peptide bonds
proteins may contain…
one or more polypeptide chains
What are the four structural levels of proteins
Primary secondary tertiary quarternary
describe the Primary structure of proteins
The specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
describe the secondary structure of proteins
The curling or folding of the polypeptide chain into α-helices and β-pleated sheets due to the formation of hydrogen bonds
describe the tertiary structure of proteins
the overall specific 3-D shape of a protein, which is determined by interactions between R groups and the properties of R groups
describe the quaternary structure of proteins
the specific 3-D shape of a protein that is determined by the multiple polypeptide chains and/or prosthetic groups bonded together
bond type in Primary structure of proteins
Peptide bonds
bond type in the secondary structure of proteins
Hydrogen bonds
bond type in the tertiary structure of proteins
Hydrogen bonds Ionic bonds Disulphide bridges
bond type in the quaternary structure of proteins
Hydrogen bonds Ionic bonds Disulphide bridges
structure of proteins
