Proteins Flashcards
what greek word is the word proteins derived from and an what does it mean
proteios
very important
what doe protein molecules contain
carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen sulfur
how many amino acids make up protein molecules
100-300
what is the path protein in feeds take once digested
- broken down into amino acids
- go into blood
- then into cells
- protein synthesis
10 types of body proteins
- muscle
- connective tissues
- hair, wool, horns, hooves, and skin
- immunoglobulins
- hormones
- enzymes
- hemoglobin
- milk proteins
- h20 movement
- cellular energy
Muscle proteins
actin and myosin
2 types of connective tissue (proteins)
elastin
collagen
what type of protein is in hair, wool, hooves
keratin
purpose of immunoglobulins
fight disease bacteria
3 types of protein hormones
somatotropin
oxytocin
insulin
2 types of milk protiens
casein
whey proteins
when do proteins provide cellular energy
only provide energy when its not need for other functions
what is kwashiorkor
human protein deficiency, enlarged liver and edema
udder edema
swelling in front and behind the udder
immunoglobins leave blood and concentrate in udder
9 signs of dietary protein dificiency
- poor growth rate
- small body size
- decreased hoof/hair/wool quality and growth
- decreased milk and egg production
- firmer stool (not a big issue)
- low birth weight
- decreased immune system, cant fight diseases
- poor appetite (ruminants)
- edema
disadvantages of excess diet protein
- increased cost of daily ration
- energetically costly to animal
- increased urination, stalls are wetter
why is excess protein energetically costly to animals
- excess nitrogen must be metabolized to urea (in liver)
- takes ATP energy away from other uses
what keeps amino acids linked together
peptide bond
what are the digestive transitions for Amino Acids in Monogastrics (flow chart)
100-300 Amino Acids broken down my protease enzymes Those enzymes make them polypeptides 11-50 AA's More protease action Broken into peptides (2-10AAs) more protease action Broken into individual AAs Absorbed into blood
What percent of dietary protein is digestible and what types of feed are more or less digestible
60-80%
forages around 60%
Grains around 80%
