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Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Y-shaped proteins that recognize and bind antigens

A

antibodies (immunoglobulins)

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2
Q

Kohler and Milstein

A

antibodies (immunoglobulins)

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3
Q

made strong by disulfide bonds in Cysteine

A

keratin

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4
Q

used in hot-start PCR

A

antibodies (immunoglobulins)

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5
Q

sigma factor binds to promoter elements Pribnow box (-10) and -35 site

A

RNA polymerase

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6
Q

names may start ‘alpha-goat’ or ‘alpha-sheep’ or ‘alpha-mouse’

A

antibodies (immunoglobulins)

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7
Q

Fc region

A

antibodies (immunoglobulins)

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8
Q

used to coat tissue culture dishes to help cells adhere and grow

A

collagen

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9
Q

needs vitamin C to form properly (hydroxyproline)

A

collagen

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10
Q

adds repeats of the sequence TTAGGG

A

telomerase

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11
Q

relieves strain during DNA unwinding

A

topoisomerase

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12
Q

acidic (type I) or basic/neutral (type II) intermediate filament

A

keratin

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13
Q

T and R states

A

hemoglobin

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14
Q

monomeric heme protein

A

myoglobin

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15
Q

structure solved by John Kendrew (isolated from sperm whales)

A

myoglobin

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16
Q

used in VSV-Golgi assay

A

green fluorescent protein (GFP)

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17
Q

protein found in egg whites

A

albumin

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18
Q

glues “stick ends” back together

A

ligase

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19
Q

A1C form helps diagnose diabetes

A

hemoglobin

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20
Q

produced by fireflies

A

luciferase (luciferins)

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21
Q

CO binds more strongly than oxygen

A

hemoglobin

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22
Q

transports iron in the blood

A

transferrin

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23
Q

common loading controls for Western blots

A

actin

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24
Q

rule of 8

A

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)

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25
composed mostly of proline and glycine
collagen
26
adds sequences to the end of chromosomes to prevent them from shortening
telomerase
27
Weiss units measure its activity
ligase
28
produces hairballs in cats
keratin
29
isolated from E. coli. by Arthur Kornberg
DNA polymerase
30
carries oxygen in red blood cells
hemoglobin
31
breakdown by heat forms gelatin
collagen
32
IgA in breast milk
antibodies (immunoglobulins)
33
used by retroviruses like HIV to make DNA from RNA
reverse transcriptase
34
thick filament in muscle
myosin
35
TATA box
RNA polymerase
36
makes up hair and nails
keratin
37
transcribes DNA into RNA
RNA polymerase
38
triple-helix structure produced by fibroblasts
collagen
39
enzyme from T4 bacteriophage for molecular cloning
ligase
40
accounts for about 60 percent of muscle protein
myosin
41
thin filament in muscle
actin
42
two right-handed alpha-helices coiled into a left-handed superhelix
keratin
43
dual excitation at 395/475 nm
green fluorescent protein (GFP)
44
Sanger sequencing uses it to add nucleotides
DNA polymerase
45
the bovine serum form is obtained from cows
albumin
46
“-mab” drugs
antibodies (immunoglobulins)
47
reacts with oxygen to produce light
luciferase (luciferins)
48
causes telomere shortening and contributes to cellular senescence
DNA polymerase
49
unwinds DNA strands for replication
helicase
50
forms covalent bonds to seal DNA backbone (phosphodiester bond)
ligase
51
used to generate cDNA libraries
reverse transcriptase
52
synthesizes DNA strands during replication
DNA polymerase
53
Beta-thalassemia
hemoglobin
54
presents antigens to T cells
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
55
glutamate-to-valine mutation leads to sickle cell
hemoglobin
56
Rho and DnaB families
helicase
57
"chicken skin" condition when this builds up in pores
keratin
58
Taq or Pfu types used in PCR
DNA polymerase
59
listeria forms 'comet tails' of this protein
actin
60
most common protein in the blood
albumin
61
most abundant protein in the human body
collagen
62
sensitive to alpha-amanitin (from the death cap mushroom)
RNA polymerase
63
maintains blood osmotic pressure and transports substances
albumin
64
stores oxygen in muscle cells
myoglobin
65
tumor suppressor and "guardian [angel] of the genome"
p53
66
structure compromised in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
collagen
67
globular and filamentous forms
actin
68
Klenow fragment (E. coli DNA polymerase I with subtilisin)
DNA polymerase
69
keeps DNA strands from getting tangled
topoisomerase
70
breakdown produces bilirubin
hemoglobin
71
first studied by Osamu Shimamura
green fluorescent protein (GFP)
72
works with myosin in muscle contraction and cytoskeleton structure
actin
73
four porphyrin rings & iron center
hemoglobin
74
prokaryotic forms use NAD+, while eukaryotic and T4 forms use ATP
ligase
75
extracted from Aequorea victoria (a jellyfish)
green fluorescent protein (GFP)
76
sliding clamp PCNA used during synthesis
DNA polymerase
77
involved in cornification
keratin
78
form the structural framework of connective tissues
collagen
79
alpha- (mammals) and beta- (reptiles and birds) types
keratin
80
torpedo and allosteric models
RNA polymerase
81
Portland and Gower forms
hemoglobin
82
induces apoptosis if it detects damaged DNA
p53
83
Type I abundant in rat tails
collagen
84
hexameric ring with a 'hole in the center'
helicase
85
make up a major class of intermediate filaments
keratin
86
fetal form has a higher O₂ affinity
hemoglobin
87
primary/secondary sandwich used in ELISA & Western blot binding
antibodies (immunoglobulins)
88
DNA gyrase is a type
topoisomerase
89
enzyme used in CRISPR
Cas9
90
class switching and VDJ recombination
antibodies (immunoglobulins)
91
inhibited by AZT (azidothymidine)
reverse transcriptase
92
stores iron in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and muscles
ferritin
93
Bohr effect (ability to bind oxygen decreases under lower pH)
hemoglobin
94
can only synthesize in the 5′ to 3′ direction leaving Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand
DNA polymerase
95
Haldane effect (O₂ levels affect CO₂ binding)
hemoglobin
96
Monoclonal + cloned B cells
antibodies (immunoglobulins)

Science (General) (13 decks)

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