Proteins

Question 1

Chains of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

That get twisted and folded into a 3-dimensional structure

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

Chemical structure of an AA

Answer 2

Central carbon atom

+
Bonded to one amino or nitrogen-containing group

+
One carboxylic acidic group

+
Side chain

+
Hydrogen atom

Question 3

Where do protein digestion begins?
with the help of what? and into what

Answer 3

Stomach

Hydrochloric acid and pepsin (proteolytic enzyme)
Proteins -> peptides

Question 4

Further dig occurs in …

Break into with the help of what

Answer 4

Small intestine

Pancreatic enzymes

Peptides -> amino acids

Question 5

Absorption occurs when

Answer 5

Amino acid go into the bloodstream

Question 6

What do proteins do for the body?

Answer 6

Make structural components of cells and tissues
Many enzymes
Hormones
Immune cells

Question 7

3 functions of proteins

Answer 7

1. Structural function
2. Enzymatic function
3. Immunological function
4. Transportation func
5. Regulatory func

Question 8

proteins are the building blocks of tissues, including muscles, bones, skin and nails

Answer 8

Structural function

Question 9

derived from proteins catalyze biochemical reactions in the body, facilitating processes such as digestion, metabolism, and cellular signaling

Answer 9

Enzymatic function

Question 10

Immunoglobulins, or antibodies, are proteins produced by the immune system to recognize and neutralize pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, in the oral cavity and throughout the body.

Answer 10

Immunological Function

Question 11

Carriers for essential nutrients
(Vitamins, minerals, hormones)

Answer 11

Transportation function

Question 12

• Gene Expression
  Regulation of gene expression, by acting as transcription factors
• Cell Signaling
  Transmit signals that regulate physiological responses such as cell growth, proliferation and differentiation

Answer 12

Regulatory function

Question 13

Amino acids cannot be produced by the body, and therefore must come from our diet (** there’s 9**)

Answer 13

Essential

Question 14

amino acids can be produced by the body and therefore do not need to come from the diet.

Answer 14

Non essential

Question 15

How is it called a food contains all nine essential amino acids

Answer 15

Complete protein

Question 16

Ex of complete protein

Answer 16

Animal proteins
Quinoa, pistachios, hemp seed, soy

Question 17

Most plan food are incomplete, does missing amino acids or ones that are found in limited amounts are known as

Answer 17

Limiting amino acids

Question 18

What happen when one or more essential amino acids are deficient

Answer 18

they can delay or inhibit the synthesis of new proteins and compromise overall health

Question 19

healthy body can make them, can’t make in starvation or inborn error of metabolism

Answer 19

Conditionally essential

Question 20

What protein help as a complementary limiting amino acids for plant based foods

Answer 20

Rice
Beans

Question 21

Health benefits of proteins
eating enough protein to meet our bodies requirements is important

Answer 21

Is important

Question 22

Average adult recommendation of daily protein intake

Answer 22

At least
1 gram for every kg of body weight
Per day

Question 23

Why do protein help in weight control

Answer 23

It increases the feeling of fullness more than foods high in fat or chos

Question 24

How protein help with sarcopenia

Answer 24

As protein is essential for the repair and maintenance of
muscle mass

low intake of protein is associated with an increased risk of developing sarcopenia.

increasing protein intake, as well as increasing physical activity can help maintain muscle mass and strength as we age, decreasing risk of sarcopenia and skeletal disorders.

Question 25

What is sarcopenia?

Answer 25

is a disorder characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and physical function that is commonly associated with older adults

Question 26

Protein intake for athletes

Answer 26

1.4 - 2 g per kg daily

Question 27

ability to produce and consume protein in a manner that preserves environmental, social, and economic well-being for current and future generations.

Answer 27

Protein sustainability