P1 Flashcards
What is the glycemic index
A measure of how quickly a carbohydrate-containing food raises blood glucose levels
Which law of correct nutrition emphasizes the importance of consuming a balanced combination of different nutrients?
Law of harmony
Which component of saliva helps to neutralize acids?
Bicarbonate ions
Which two monosaccharides have to join together to form maltose?
2 glucose
What are some potential consequences of inadequate nutrition on public health?
All of the above
Increased risk of malnutrition-related diseases
Greater susceptibility to infections and poor wound healing
Impaired cognitive development and reduced productivity
Why does snacking more often increase caries risk?
Increasing the frequency of sugar intake extends the duration of acid production and exposure.
What is the main polysaccharide found in plant cell walls?
Cellulose
What does stunting indicate about a child’s nutritional status?
Chronic undernutrition
Recovery from illness, surgery or injury may increase an individual’s energy requirement.
VF
True
Involuntary process of obtaining, assimilating, and utilizing nutrients for the growth and maintenance of the body.
Nutrition
Which of the following food factors affects the rate at which sugar is cleared from saliva?
All of the above:
Sugar concentration
Ratelof solubilization
Ability to adhere to teeth
What role do socioeconomic factors play in shaping nutritional outcomes in Mexico and other countries?
Higher socioeconomic status is associated with better access to nutritious foods and healthcare services
Which of the following dietary trends is cantributing to the rise of non-communicable diseases in Mexico and globally?
High intake of processed foods and sugary beverages
Which of the following is not a protein?
Glycogen
What is the term used to describe the ratio of an individual’s weight to their height, commonly used to assess body fatness?
BMI
Body Mass Index
What term refers to the process by which nutrients are transported frpm the digestive system into the bloodstream?
Absorption
Which of the following factors can influence the glycemic index of a food?
• All of the above
Cooking method
Ripeness of fruit
Foof processing
Which of the following is a complete protein source?
Quinoa
Which of the following factors contribute to the current nutritional challenges in Mexico and many parts of the world?
All of the above
Insufficient food production
Inadequate access to nutritious foods
Rapid urbanization and changing dietary patterns
The order of amino acids in a specific protein determines its:
Function in the body
Which law of correct nutrition focuses on consuming the appropriate amount of food to meet energy needs without excess or deficiency?
Law of quantity
Which of the following health benefits is associated with consuming adequate protein?
All of the above
Enhanced athletic performance
Improved muscle strength and mass
Prolonged satiety
How can the sequence of eating a cariogenic food product during a meal or snack alter its cariogenic properties?
Eating cheese or peanuts after a sucrose-containing food reduces acid production.
What is the term used to describe the energy expended during the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients in food?
Thermic effect of food
Which of the following factors influences an individual’s energy requirement?
All of the above
Age
Sex
Physical activity level
Height
Glycogen that is stored in the liver can be used by other organs and cells in the body.
VF
True
Which of the following statements about chemical digestion is true?
It is carried out by enzymes that break down food molecules into simpler substances
Which of the following is a function of proteins in the human body?
All of the above
Providing long-term energy storage
Aiding in digestion and absorption of nutrients
Acting as structural components of cell membranes
What amount of protein does a non-injured, non- athlete adult need to consume on a daily basis?
1 grams per kilogram of weight
Which of the following is a polysaccharide found in chloroplasts in plants and serves as a storage form of glucose?
Starch
Which of the following factors does NOT influence protein requirements?
Ethnicity
The building blocks of proteins are:
Amino acids
Excess carbohydrates are stored in the body as ____?
Glycogen
n
Adipose tissue
A&B
Which law of correct nutrition suggests that nutrients should be consumed in the right proportions to achieve a balanced diet?
Law of harmony
How do glucans contribute to the cariogenic potential of sucrose?
They facilitate the attachment of bacteria to tooth surfaces
Sucrose is not as sweet as fructose.
VF
V
Which of the following statenents about mechanical digestion is true?
It begins in the mouth with chewing and continues in the stomach and small intestine
Which of the following classifications is defined by a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9?
Normal weight
What is the term used to describe the process by which nutrients are utilized by cells for energy, growth, and repair?
Assimilation
Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?
Glucose
The best type of fiber to eat for reducing constipation is:
Insoluble fiber
How does consuming foods with a lower glycemic index contribute to overall health?
By stabilizing blood glucose levels
By reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes
By prolonging the feeling of satiety, which could lead to weight loss
All of the above
What is a bond between amino acids called?
Peptide bond
What term refers to nutrients that the body requires in relatively larger amounts?
Macronutrients
Complementary proteins refer to:
Pairing two incomplete protein sources to provide all indispensable amino acids
What is the unit of measurement used to quantify energy obtained from food?
Calorie
Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins into peptides in the stomach?
Pepsin
Which of the following carbohydrates is commonly found in dairy products?
Galactose
What is the term used to describe the breakdown of food into smaller components that can be absorbed by the body?
Digestión
How many essential amino acids are there for adults?
None of the above
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