Protein Synthesis Flashcards
What are nucleotide triplets called?
Codons
What are the stages of transcription?
Initiation, Elongation, Termination.
What creates mRNA from DNA in eukaryotes?
RNA polymerase II (2)
The section of DNA that is translated into RNA
Transcription unit
At the start of a transcription unit there is a…
Promoter
RNA transcription from DNA: Initiation stage
RNA polymerase binds with promoter and begins RNA synthesis
Transcription elongation stage
RNA polymerase moves down stream, creating RNA
Transcription Termination Stage
RNA transcript is released and RNA polymerase detaches from the DNA
A eukaryptic promoter commonly includes
A sequence of TATA
Transcription factors mediate the binding of RNA polymerase in….
Eukaryotes
Tabscription factors bind to
The TATA box
Anticodon
The nucleotide triplet on a tRNA that compliments a mRNA codon
Where do tRNA pick up their amino acids?
In the cytosol
What gives tRNA their amino acids
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
Wobble
A flexible base pairing at the 3’ end in the third position, tRNA
Ribosome made from
2 sub units (one large and one small) both made from protein and rRNA
Ribosome subunits made in
Nucleolus
The three ribosome binding sites
P site, A site, E site
rRNA
Inside ribosome, catalyst of peptide bond formation
3 stages during translation elongation
Codon recognition, peptide bond formation, translocation
Energy used in translation elongation
GTP
Stages GTP is used in
Codon recognition, translocation
Cap on a 5’ end of mRNA
Modified guanine nucleotide
Cap on 3’ end of mRNA
Poly-A tail
