PROTEIN METABOLISM

Question 1

protein digestion starts where?

Answer 1

stomach

Question 2

produced in the pancreas

Answer 2

pancreatic juice

Question 3

is the breakdown & re-synthesis
of body protein

Answer 3

protein turnover

Question 4

what amino acid is most important metabolically

Answer 4

glutamate

Question 5

Escapes in large amounts from dead or dying liver tissue.
Measured in blood samples for diagnostic purposes.

Answer 5

alanine aminotransferase

Question 6

Also escapes in large amounts from dead or dying heart tissues & enters bloodstream.
Measured in blood for diagnosing myocardial infarction.

Answer 6

aspartate aminotransferase

Question 7

will reversibly convert
glutamate to α-ketoglutarate
and α-ketoglutarate to glutamate.

Answer 7

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Question 8

converting glutamate to α-ketoglutarate is an easily shifted equilibrium reaction.

Answer 8

Oxidative deamination

Question 9

are toxic compounds in urea cycle

Answer 9

Ammonium salts

Question 10

building up favors the synthesis of excessive amounts of glutamate, decreasing the Krebs cycle intermediate

Answer 10

Ammonium ions

Question 11

the urea cycle are NH3, CO2 and aspartic acid and ATP.

Answer 11

input

Question 12

The ___ are urea, ADP and fumaric acid.

Answer 12

outputs

Question 13

Spiders excrete _______, 5 nitrogen atoms in a small molecule.

Answer 13

guanine

Question 14

Aquatic species excrete free _____through gills.

Answer 14

ammonia

Question 15

Terrestrial critters produce ____- very soluble - still needs water for removal via kidneys.

Answer 15

urea

Question 16

Defective phenylalanine hydroxylase –
phenylalanine accumulates in body.
Phenylalanine is transaminated to phenylpyruvate.

Answer 16

Phenylketonuria

Question 17

leads to severe mental retardation in infants.

Answer 17

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 18

a biochemical reaction that involves the
interchange of the amino group of an a-amino acid

Answer 18

transamination reaction

Question 19

is a biochemical reaction in which an a-amino acid is converted into an a-keto acid

Answer 19

oxidative deamination
reaction

Question 20

cyclic biochemical pathway in
which urea is produced, for excretion

Answer 20

urea cycle

Question 21

amino acid that can be
converted into glucose through
gluconeogenesis.

Answer 21

KETOGENIC

Question 22

are converted into ketone bodies.

Answer 22

glucogenic

Question 23

s a rare (1:185,000), autosomal recessive disorder in which there is a
partial or complete deficiency in branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase

Answer 23

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)

Question 24

refers to a group of conditions in which a defect in tyrosine metabolism results in a deficiency in the
production of melanin

Answer 24

albinism