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BIOCHEM LEC FOR RBE > LIPIDS > Flashcards

LIPIDS Flashcards

1
Q

are a HETEROGENEOUS GROUP OF COMPOUNDS, including fats, oils, steroids, waxes, and related compounds

A

lipids

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2
Q

what are the SAPONIFIABLE LIPIDS?

A

Biological waxes
Triacylglycerol
Sphingoglycolipids
Phospholipids

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3
Q

what are the NONSAPONIFIABLE LIPIDS

A

Bile acids
Eicosanoids
Cholesterol
Steroid hormones

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4
Q

BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIPIDS

A

fatty acids

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5
Q

a fatty acid with a carbon chain in which all CARBON-CARBON BONDS ARE SINGLE BONDS

A

saturated fatty acid

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6
Q

a fatty acid with a carbon chain in which one CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE BOND IS PRESENT

A

monounsaturated fatty acid

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7
Q

a fatty acid with a carbon chain in which TWO OR MORE CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE BONDS ARE PRESENT

A

polyunsaturated fatty acid

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8
Q

VINEGAR OCCURENCE

A

acetic acid

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9
Q

an end product of CARBOHYDRATE EMENTATION by rumen organisms

A

propionic acid

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10
Q

GLYCERIDES in BUTTER

A

butyric acid

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11
Q

goat and cow butter; coconut fat

A

caproic acid

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12
Q

goat and cow butter; coconut fat; human fat

A

caprylic acid

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13
Q

goat and cow butter; coconut fat; fat of spice bush

A

capric acid

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14
Q

spermaceti, cinnamon, palm kernel oil, coconut oils, laurels, butter

A

lauric

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15
Q

nutmeg, palm kernel, coconut oils, myrtles, butter

A

myristic acid

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16
Q

animal and vegetable fats; spermaceti; beeswax

A

palmitic acid

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17
Q

animal and vegetable fats

A

stearic acid

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18
Q

esters of fatty acids with VARIOUS ALCOHOLS

A

simple lipids

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19
Q

esters of fatty acids containing GROUPS IN ADDITION to an alcohol and a fatty acid

A

complex lipids

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20
Q

STORAGE SITE OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS in the human body, specifically in the special cells

A

adipose tissue

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21
Q

MOST ABUNDANT TYPE OF LIPIDS present in the body

A

triacylglycerol

22
Q

what is the healthiest oil?

A

canola oil

23
Q

what is the unhealthiest oil?

A

coconut oil

24
Q

it is considered a GOOD FAT

A

monousaturated and polyunsaturated fat

25
Q

it is considered a BAD FAT

A

saturated fats

26
Q

primary member of OMEGA-6 acid family

A

linoleic acid

27
Q

primary member of OMEGA-3 acid famiy

A

linolenic acid

28
Q

carry cholesterol FROM THE LIVER to various cells or tissues of the body

A

LDL

29
Q

carry EXCESS CHOLESTEROL FROM BODY TISSUES BACK TO THE LIVER for degradation to bile acids

A

HDL

30
Q

TRANSPORT TRIACYLGLYCEROLS from the liver to adipose tissue

A

VLDL

31
Q

TRANSPORT DIETARY TRIACYLGLYCEROLS from the intestines to the liver and adipose tissue

A

chylomicrons

32
Q

a form of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE characterized by the buildup of plaque along the inner walls of arteries

A

atheroscleriosis

33
Q

a MOUND OF LIPID MATERIAL mixed with smooth muscle cells and calcium

A

plaque

34
Q

a TWO-LAYER-THICK STRUCTURE of phospholipids and glycolipids in which nonpolar tails of the lipids are in the middle of the structure and the polar heads are on the outside surfaces of the structure

A

lipid bilayer

35
Q

protein help: NONE REQUIRED

A

passive transport

36
Q

protein help: PROTEINS SERVE AS GATES

A

facilitated transport

37
Q

proteins help: PROTEINS SERVE AS PUMPS

A

active transport

38
Q

a fluid containing EMULSIFYING AGENTS THAT IS SECRETED BY THE LIVER, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the small intestine during digestion

A

bile

39
Q

a CHOLESTEROL DERIVATIVE that functions as a lipid-emulsifying agent in the aqueous environment of the digestive tract

A

bile acid

40
Q

a substance that CAN DISPERSE AND STABILIZE water-insoluble substances as colloidal particles in an aqueous solution

A

emulsifier

41
Q

is a biochemical substance, produced by a DUCTLESS GLAND, that has a messenger function

A

hormone

42
Q

is a HORMONE that is a CHOLESTEROL DERIVATIVE

A

steroid hormone

43
Q

which control reproduction and SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS

A

sex hormones

44
Q

which regulate NUMEROUS BIOCHEMICAL processes in the body

A

adrenocorticoid hormones

45
Q

most commonly measured type of estrogen for NONPREGNANT WOMAN

A

estradiol

46
Q

levels usually are only measured during PREGNANCY

A

estriol

47
Q

may be measured in women who have gone through MENOPAUSE to determine their estrogen levels

A

estrone

48
Q

is an OXYGENATED C20 FATTY ACID derivative that functions as a messenger lipid

A

eicosanoids

49
Q

are HORMONELIKE molecules rather than true hormones because they are not transported in the bloodstream to their site of action as true hormones are

A

eicosanoids

50
Q

is a lipid that is a MONOESTER OF A LONG-CHAIN FATTY ACID and a long-chain alcohol

A

biological wax

BIOCHEM LEC FOR RBE (9 decks)

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