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Exam tips Nutrition 1 > protein a/a > Flashcards

protein a/a Flashcards

1
Q

daily protein req

A

0.83g per kg body weight

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2
Q

define transamination

A

making 1 non-essential aa from another

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3
Q

deamination

A

stripping an aa of nitrogen and using for energy

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4
Q

deamination req

A

B6

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5
Q

2 factors protein quality

A

its digestibility

its aa composition - all ess a/as in right amounts

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6
Q

food with perfect aa score

A

egg

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7
Q

two effects of high protein intake

A

increased calcium excretion

kidney stress

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8
Q

4 a/a function

A

detoxify chemicals
antioxidant protection
build bile acids for digestion
help make hormones, NTs

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9
Q

2 functions glutamnine

A

intestinal repair/protection - strengthening epithelial tight junctions
immune modulator - stims lymphocytes/ NK cells

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10
Q

what effect does cortisol have on glutamine

A

high cortisol

low glutamine

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11
Q

4 applications of glutamate

A

intestinal permeability
chemo/radiation side effects
peptic ulcers - cabbage juive
HIV

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12
Q

Function of glutamate/glutamic acid

A 
principle excitatory a/a in brain
involved in movement
cognition
memory
sensation
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13
Q

G makes G makes G (smaller, med, bigger)

A

glutamine > glutamate > glutathione

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14
Q

glutathione is a tripeptide made of

A

cysteine

glutamate\glycine

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15
Q

is glutamate neurotoxic

A

yes msg

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16
Q

3 a/a urea cycle

A

arginine
ornithine
citrulline

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17
Q

action of arginine

A

dilates arteries

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18
Q

3 clinical applications arginine

A

lower BP - preciser to Nitric oxide
erectile dysfunction
angina

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19
Q

BCAA are which 3 a/a

A

leucine
isoleucine
valine

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20
Q

main effect of BCAA

A

stims protein synthesis - muscle sparing in exercise

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21
Q

def in BCAA symptom

A

anorexia low appetite

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22
Q

BCAA increases

A

appetite

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23
Q

why does BCAA increase appaetite

A

competes with TRYPTOPHAN for uptake across BBB - same transport mechanism
tryptophan preciser to seratonin - decreases appetite

24
Q

sulphur a/as

A

methionine

cysteine

25
Q

cysteine synthesised from

A

methionine

26
Q

what does methionine get converted into

A

SAM - major methyl donor

27
Q

methionine req for synthesis of

A

acetylcholine
creatine
epinephrine

28
Q

cysteine a component of which 3 substances

A

glutathione
coenzyme A
taurine

29
Q

synthesis of B3 from tryptophan dependant on which 3 nutrients

A

B6, B2, iron

30
Q

3 side effects of methionine

A

can increase homocysteine levels- esp if def in B6,9,12

aggravate liver/kidney disease

31
Q

cysteine req for which liver pathway

A

phase 2 detox - sulphating as source of sulphate

32
Q

source of cysteine

A

cruciferous veg

33
Q

antioxidant a/a

A 
cysteine
glutamate
glycine - glutathione
methionine
(taurine)
34
Q

what does cysteine make

A

NAC - N-acetyl cysteine

35
Q

3 functions NAC

A

detoxifies
antioxidant
antiinflammatory

36
Q

clinical application cysteine

A

thins mucous - bronchitis, COPD, flu

37
Q

3 functions carnitine

A

cellular energy production
gets long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for oxidation
reduces cellulite
lowers triglycerides in blood

38
Q

2 therapeutic uses carnitine

A

congestive heart failure

infertility

39
Q

1 function creatine

A

increases performance in strength-related sports

40
Q

glycine is a

A

neurotransmitter

41
Q

smallest a/a

A

glycine - gets through BBB

42
Q

function glycone

A

binds to toxic substances to be excreted

43
Q

which a/a is not officially an a/a

A

taurine

44
Q

primary function taurine

A

antioxidant

45
Q

3 a/a cross BBB

A

glycine
phenylalanine
theanine

46
Q

what type of people is taurine essential for and why

A

neonates/anyone on parenteral nutrition - avoids cholestasis

47
Q

thiamine found in

A

green tea

48
Q

3 effects of theanine

A

calming
improves concentration
mod enhancing

49
Q

which a/a is precursor to thyroid hormone, dopamine, epinephrine, melanin

A

tyrosine

50
Q

when is it contraindicated to take tyrosine

A

antidepressants
MAOIs
skin cancer

51
Q

3 sources tryptophan

A

dairy
turkey
rice

52
Q

tryptophan key for production of which 2 nutrients

A

niacin

seraotinin

53
Q

3 therapeutic uses tryptophan

A

hyperactivity
weight loss/apetite reduction
improves stress/anxiety
jet lag

54
Q

which a/a good for herpes

A

lysine

55
Q

which a/a could cause herpes

A

arginine

56
Q

why could long term supplemental a/a create imbalance

A

as compete for transport through cell membranes

Exam tips Nutrition 1 (11 decks)

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