Protein Flashcards
What is Protein?
Organic compound that serves many functions
Vital nutrient for: Hair Skin Nails Bones Muscles
What are Peptides?
Animal and plant amino acids are joined together
What is Amino Acids?
Made up of 20 amino acids
9 essential - must be present in the food you eat
11 non essential - synthesised by your liver providing that the essentials are in diet
What are complete proteins?
Contain all 9 essential amino acids
What are incomplete proteins?
Lack some essential amino acids
What are the 3 types of protein?
Structural proteins
Homeostatic proteins
Fuel proteins
What are structural proteins?
Form the framework of many body components including collagen
What is Homeostatic proteins?
Integral part of synthesis of hormones, enzymes and blood cells
Substances regulate various bodily functions
Include insulin and adrenaline
What is Fuel proteins?
Not body’s preferred source of energy
Good source when glycogen levels start to run low and an alternative source of energy is require during starvation
What is Catabolism?
Breaking down larger structures into smaller ones in the body - specifically proteins
What is Anabolism?
Process of building within the body (renewing skin cells or building muscle)
Occurs during rest and recovery
What is Biological Value (protein quality ratings)?
Proportion of absorbed protein that is retained in the body for maintenance and/or growth
What is Protein efficiency ratio (protein quality ratings)?
The gain in body weight divided by the weight of the protein consumed
What is Net protein utilisation (protein quality ratings)?
Proportion of protein intake that is retained
What is Protein Digestibility Correct Amino Acid Score?
Amino acid requirements of humans
