Effects Of Exercise On The Body Flashcards
What are the SHORT term effects of exercise on the Cardiovascular System?
Increased heart rate Increases blood pressure Increase stroke volume Blood temperature rises Blood vessels near the skin open (vasodilation)
What are the LONG term effects of exercise on the Cardiovascular System?
Ventricular Hypertrophy (heart size increases) Increased contraction strength Increased stroke volume Increased cardiac output Decreased resting heart rate Decreased risk of heart disease Decreased risk of heart attack
What are the effects of exercise on the blood vessels and blood chemistry?
Improved blood lipid profile
Increased haemoglobin levels
Increased blood volume
Reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure
What is the SHORT term effects of exercise on the Respiratory system?
Increasing breathing rate by about three times the normal rate
Increasing tidal volume by 5 times the normal rate
Increasing blood supply to and through the lungs
Increasing oxygen uptake
What are the LONG term effects of exercise on the respiratory system?
Increased functional capacity during exercise
More efficient diffusion of respiratory gassed
Increased tidal capacity
Improved integrity of respiratory muscles
What are the effects of exercise on metabolic function?
Decreased insulin resistance/improved insulin sensitivity
Reduced body fat
Increased maximal oxygen uptake - VO2 max
Increased metabolic rate after exercise
What are the effects of exercise on Psychological Changes?
Improved self-image
Decreased depression and stress
Increased feelings of achievement
Distraction from daily routine
What are the SHORT term effects of exercise on the Skeletal System?
Increased Synovial fluid production
Increased range of movement of joints
What are the LONG term effects of exercise on the skeletal system?
Stronger Ligaments
Increased bone mass
Reduced loss of bone mass commonly associated with age
What are the SHORT TERM effects of Aerobic exercise on the muscular system?
Vasodilation
Blood pumped to working muscles
possible DOMS
Blood pooling
What are the LONG TERM effects of aerobic exercise on the muscular system?
Improve muscular efficiency
Increase capillarisation of the muscles
Increase size and number of mitochondria
What are the effects of Resistance training on the muscular system?
Blood pooling
DOMS
Increased tendon strength
Increase in the cross sectional size of the muscle
What is Blood pooling?
During rhythmical exercise the muscles act as “pumps” squeezing blood in the veins back towards the heart
What is Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)?
A phenomenon that typically occurs 12 to 72 hours after resistance training. Normal part of the repair process of muscle
