Effects Of Exercise On The Body

Question 1

What are the SHORT term effects of exercise on the Cardiovascular System?

Answer 1

Increased heart rate
Increases blood pressure 
Increase stroke volume
Blood temperature rises
Blood vessels near the skin open (vasodilation)

Question 2

What are the LONG term effects of exercise on the Cardiovascular System?

Answer 2

Ventricular Hypertrophy (heart size increases)
Increased contraction strength
Increased stroke volume 
Increased cardiac output 
Decreased resting heart rate
Decreased risk of heart disease 
Decreased risk of heart attack

Question 3

What are the effects of exercise on the blood vessels and blood chemistry?

Answer 3

Improved blood lipid profile
Increased haemoglobin levels
Increased blood volume
Reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure

Question 4

What is the SHORT term effects of exercise on the Respiratory system?

Answer 4

Increasing breathing rate by about three times the normal rate

Increasing tidal volume by 5 times the normal rate

Increasing blood supply to and through the lungs

Increasing oxygen uptake

Question 5

What are the LONG term effects of exercise on the respiratory system?

Answer 5

Increased functional capacity during exercise

More efficient diffusion of respiratory gassed

Increased tidal capacity

Improved integrity of respiratory muscles

Question 6

What are the effects of exercise on metabolic function?

Answer 6

Decreased insulin resistance/improved insulin sensitivity

Reduced body fat

Increased maximal oxygen uptake - VO2 max

Increased metabolic rate after exercise

Question 7

What are the effects of exercise on Psychological Changes?

Answer 7

Improved self-image

Decreased depression and stress

Increased feelings of achievement

Distraction from daily routine

Question 8

What are the SHORT term effects of exercise on the Skeletal System?

Answer 8

Increased Synovial fluid production

Increased range of movement of joints

Question 9

What are the LONG term effects of exercise on the skeletal system?

Answer 9

Stronger Ligaments

Increased bone mass

Reduced loss of bone mass commonly associated with age

Question 10

What are the SHORT TERM effects of Aerobic exercise on the muscular system?

Answer 10

Vasodilation

Blood pumped to working muscles

possible DOMS

Blood pooling

Question 11

What are the LONG TERM effects of aerobic exercise on the muscular system?

Answer 11

Improve muscular efficiency

Increase capillarisation of the muscles

Increase size and number of mitochondria

Question 12

What are the effects of Resistance training on the muscular system?

Answer 12

Blood pooling

DOMS

Increased tendon strength

Increase in the cross sectional size of the muscle

Question 13

What is Blood pooling?

Answer 13

During rhythmical exercise the muscles act as “pumps” squeezing blood in the veins back towards the heart

Question 14

What is Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)?

Answer 14

A phenomenon that typically occurs 12 to 72 hours after resistance training. Normal part of the repair process of muscle