Nervous System Flashcards
What does the Nervous system do?
Controls every major function that occurs in the body
What are the roles of the nervous system?
Input
Analysis
Output
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
The central nervous system or CNS
The peripheral nervous system or PNS
How many hemispheres is the brain made up of?
2
What is the left side of the brain used for?
Responsible for controlling the right side of the body (logic tasks)
What is the right side of the brain used for?
Responsible for controlling the left side of the body (creativity tasks)
What are the 3 main parts of the brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem
What is the Cerebrum?
Largest part of the brain and is composed of the right and left hemisphere
What is the Cerebellum?
Located under the cerebrum, controlling the actions of your muscles and storing memories
What is the Brainstem?
Acts as a relay centre connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord
What is the Central nervous system and it’s function?
Consists of the brain and the spinal cord. Responsible for all conscious and unconscious decision making
What is the Spinal cord responsible for?
Responsible for controlling reflex reactions and also provides the means for connecting the brain to the nerves that supply the rest of the body
What is the Peripheral nervous system and it’s function?
The name used to describe all of the branches of nerves outside of the central nervous system
It transmits info to and from the CNS
What is a Neuron?
Designed to transmit information rapidly in response to changes inside and outside of the body
What is the structure of a Neuron?
Cell body
The Axon
Dendrites
Myelin sheath
Neurotransmitters
What is the function of Neurotransmitters?
Maintain balance within the nervous system
What is a Motor unit?
Muscles made up of bundles of muscle fibres arranged into groups
Consists of anywhere between 10 and 1000 muscle fibres
What are the responses of the neuromuscular system to exercise? (ACUTE CHANGES)
Vasodilation of blood vessels
Increased temperature
Blood diverted away from non-essential organs to working muscles
Reduced nervous inhibition
What are the responses of the neuromuscular system to exercise?
(CHRONIC CHANGES)
Exercise: frequency duration Volume Intensity Modality
What are the long term adaptations to resistance training?
Increased cross-sectional size of muscles
Improved balance and coordination
Increased strength due to hypertrophy
Increased strength due to decreased nervous inhibition
What are the long term adaptations to Aerobic exercise?
Increase in the size and number of energy-producing mitochondria
Increase in capillarisation surrounding muscle fibres at the alveoli
Increase in aerobic enzyme activity stored glycogen and triglycerides in the muscle fibres
