Prostate Quiz

Question 1

Prostate gland lies where in relation to the bladder

Answer 1

inferior

Question 2

What runs through the center of the prostate

Answer 2

urethra

Question 3

What does the prostate gland secrete

Answer 3

`milky fluid that contributes to the contents of semen

Question 4

What chemicals does the prostate contain

Answer 4

chemicals that activate sperm

natural antibiotic to protect sperm

Question 5

What are seminal vesicles

Answer 5

Storage sacs for sperm

Question 6

Where are seminal vesicles located

Answer 6

Superior end of prostate gland

Question 7

What happens upon ejaculation

Answer 7

Sperm leaves seminal vesicles and passes through prostate gland in the urethra

Question 8

Another name for Cowper’s glands

Answer 8

Bulbourethral glands

Question 9

What are the Cowpers glands

Answer 9

small glands along urethra inferior to prostate gland

Question 10

What do cowpers glands do

Answer 10

secrete fluid that contributes to the seminal fluid volume

Question 11

What is the Verumontanum

Answer 11

junction of the ejaculatory ducts with the urethra

Question 12

Where is the verumontanum located

Answer 12

inferior ro the transitional zone

Question 13

Measurements of the prostate

Answer 13

L: 4cm
W: 4cm
H: 3cm

Question 14

What are the 4 prostate zones

Answer 14

Peripheral
Transitional
Central
Periurethral

Question 15

Which zone is the largest

Answer 15

Peripheral

Question 16

Where is peripheral located

Answer 16

lateral & posterior to urethra

Question 17

Which zone do most cancers occur in

Answer 17

Peripheral zone

Question 18

Where are the ejaculating ducts located

Answer 18

central zone

Question 19

What zone does cancer rarely occur

Answer 19

Central

Question 20

What zone is smallest in young men

Answer 20

Transitional

Question 21

Area near urethra

Answer 21

Transitional zone

Question 22

What zone is the area affected by Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Answer 22

Transitional

Question 23

Why does BPH cause problems with urination

Answer 23

Because hypertrophy occurs in the area of the prostate that is closest to the urethra

Question 24

Tissue that lines the prostatic urethra

Answer 24

Periurethral Zone

Question 25

Hypoechoic area next to bladder

Answer 25

fibromuscular stroma

Question 26

What does PSA stand for

Answer 26

prostate specific antigen

Question 27

Normal PSA

Answer 27

less than 4.0

Question 28

Intermediate PSA

Answer 28

4-10

Question 29

Abnormal PSA

Answer 29

greater than 10

Question 30

What happens to PSA as men age

Answer 30

it rises

Question 31

An increase in PSA greater than what in a year is abnormal

Answer 31

20%

Question 32

PSA density equals

Answer 32

PSA/prostate gland volume

Question 33

What is PSA Density used for

Answer 33

calculation done to predict probability of prostate cancer

Question 34

What is the upper limit of normal for PSA density

Answer 34

.15

Question 35

Prostate gland volume is

Answer 35

L x W x H x .52 (cubic centimeters)

Question 36

What transducer is used for prostate and where is it placed

Answer 36

Endocavity | rectum

Question 37

Before sonography, what was done to assess the prostate gland

Answer 37

Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)

Question 38

How many samples are taken for prostate biopsy

Answer 38

Minimum of 6

Question 39

What are the 6 samples taken for prostate biopsy

Answer 39

``` Right base Left Base Right mid Left mid Right apex Left apex ```

Question 40

What is the method used for prostate biopsies

Answer 40

sextant method

Question 41

Newer technique being utilized for biopsies

Answer 41

systematic 5 region prostate biopsy

Question 42

What other samples are taken along with sextant

Answer 42

far lateral peripheral zone | midline

Question 43

Hoe many cores are taken

Answer 43

13

Question 44

What is the patient preparation for imaging

Answer 44

Clear liquids after 6pm | enema 1 hour before exam

Question 45

What is patient prep for biopsy

Answer 45

NPO after 6pm laxative after dinner night before enema 1 hr before prophylactic antibiotic day before

Question 46

Ultrasound patient position

Answer 46

Left lateral Decubitus LLD

Question 47

Sonographic appearance of peripheral zone

Answer 47

hypoechoic

Question 48

Sonographic appearance of central zone

Answer 48

usually echogenic to peripheral zone

Question 49

Sonographic appearance of transitional zone

Answer 49

about same as peripheral

Question 50

Sonographic appearance of seminal vesicles

Answer 50

anechoic/very hypoechoic

Question 51

Sonographic appearance of Prostate urethra

Answer 51

echogenic through midline of gland

Question 52

The gland should be what sonographically

Answer 52

symmetrical in shape & echogenicity from one side to the other

Question 53

What is Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Answer 53

enlargement/hypertrophy of the transitional zone

Question 54

BPH may cause

Answer 54

urinary obstruction (common with age)

Question 55

BPH sonographic appearance

Answer 55

large and round | central portion protrudes anteriorly sometimes appearing to compress peripheral zone

Question 56

BPH symptoms

Answer 56

``` nocturia difficulty starting/stopping stream urinary urge urinary frequency can't empty bladder ```

Question 57

What is TURP

Answer 57

procedure to relieve moderate to severe symptoms from enlarged prostate

Question 58

Procedure for TURP

Answer 58

Excess prostate tissue blocking urine flow is removed

Question 59

What is prostatitis

Answer 59

Inflammation/infection of gland

Question 60

Common cause of recurring urinary tract infection

Answer 60

Chronic prostatitis

Question 61

Most common malignancy in men

Answer 61

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate

Question 62

Adenocarcinoma percentages

Answer 62

70% peripheral 20% transitional 10% central

Question 63

Adenocarcinoma symptoms

Answer 63

``` frequent urination urinary urgency difficulty starting/stopping stream *elevated acid phosphatase *elevated for rising PSA ```

Question 64

Most common characteristic appearance in adenocarcinoma

Answer 64

hypoechoic lesion in peripheral zone

Question 65

What is removal of prostate gland

Answer 65

prostatectomy

Question 66

Treatments for prostate cancer

Answer 66

chemotherapy cryotherapy microwave therapy radiation therapy