prostate and ovary

Question 1

where do prostatic arteries arise from?

Answer 1

the internal pudendal, internal iliac, and the middle rectal

Question 2

what is on the superior of the prostate?

Answer 2

the bladder

Question 3

what is on the anterior of the prostate?

Answer 3

the pubic symphysis

Question 4

what is on the posterior of the prostate?

Answer 4

the rectal ampulla

Question 5

what is BPH and what are the symptoms?

Answer 5

benign prostatic hyperplasia, causes impaired storage and impaired voiding

Question 6

what aspects of the prostate are … and …?

Answer 6

glandular is 2/3rd and fibromuscular is 1/3rd

Question 7

what is the prostate covered by?

Answer 7

adventitia-like thin fibrous capsule

Question 8

what is the histological division of the prostate?

Answer 8

central, transitional, peripheral

Question 9

what is the central zone of the prostate?

Answer 9

the part that surrounds the ejaculatory duct

Question 10

what is the direction of the emptying of the central zone?

Answer 10

obliquely

Question 11

what is the transitional zone of the prostate?

Answer 11

the part that covers the urethra

Question 12

where is the peripheral zone of the prostate?

Answer 12

the posterior most part of the prostate

Question 13

which one is the most clinically important aspect of the prostate?

Answer 13

the peripheral zone

Question 14

what is the 4th part of the prostate?

Answer 14

the fibromuscular zone

Question 15

what about the direction of the peripheral zone ducts?

Answer 15

vertically

Question 16

what is the clinical importance of the direction?

Answer 16

the vertical direction of the peripheral zone causes it to be prone to inflammation and consequently cancer

Question 17

what is the fourth zone (?) of the stroma?

Answer 17

the fibromuscular part

Question 18

what nerves supply the detrusor muscle of the bladder?

Answer 18

the pelvic splanchnic and inferior hypogastric plexus (sympathic)

Question 19

what nerves supply the prostate gland?

Answer 19

the parasympathetic and sympathetic of the inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 20

where do prostatic arteries arise from?

Answer 20

internal iliac, internal pudendal, and middle rectal

Question 21

what does the prostatic venous plexus connect with?

Answer 21

the batson vein and the vertebral vein

Question 22

what biomarker would we use to detect prostatic abnormalities? explain it

Answer 22

PSA (prostatic specific antibodies), which is an enzyme called serine protease that breaks coagulants to liquify semen

Question 23

what can rise PSA?

Answer 23

prostate cancer, inflammation, severe constipation, sexual intercourse, catheterrisation

Question 24

where are the bulbourethral glands located?

Answer 24

in the deep perineal pouch

Question 25

where are the bulbourethral ducts located?

Answer 25

it passes anteroinferiroly through the perineal membrane into the spongious part of the ureter

Question 26

where does semen ultimately come from?

Answer 26

the prostate, the seminal vesicles, the testes, and the bladder

Question 27

do the ovaries descend through the inguinal canal?

Answer 27

no, it stops laterally near the pelvic wall

Question 28

where are the ovaries located on the wall of pelvic inlet?

Answer 28

inferiorly to the pelvic inlet

Question 29

what peritoneum suspends the ovaries?

Answer 29

the mesovarium

Question 30

what are the layers of the ovarium?

Answer 30

germinal epithelium, tunica albugignea, cortex, medulla

Question 31

what is the outermost layer of the ovarium made of?

Answer 31

cuboidal epithelial cell

Question 32

what is the tunica albuginea?

Answer 32

a dense connective tissue capsule that lies beneath the germinal epithelium

Question 33

what is the ovarian cortex?

Answer 33

a tightly packed connective tissue that contains follicles