PROSTATE Flashcards
the ______ is typically the arterial supply to the prostate and branches from the internal iliac artery.
inferior vesical artery
inferior portion of the gland situated superior to the urogenital diaphragm
apex
superior portion of the gland situated below the inferior margin of the urinary bladder
base
two sac-like out-pouchings of the vas defferens situated adjacent to the superior/posterior aspect of the prostate between the urinary bladder and the rectum
seminal vesicles
duct that passes through the central zone and empties into urethra. this duct originates from the combination of the vas defferens and seminal vesicle
ejaculatory ducts
a longitudinal ridge within the urethra in which the orifices of the ejaculatory ducts are located on either side
verumontanum
calcifications commonly seen in the inner gland of the prostate
corpora amylacea
demarcation between the inner gland (central and transitional zones) and the outer gland (peripheral zone)
surgical capsule
shadowing created by edge artifact or calcification of the prostatic urethra
eiffel tower sign
this zone of the prostate is posteriorly located containing 70% of the prostatic glandular tissue, thus it is the location of most prostatic cancers. This zone extends into the apex of the prostate.
peripheral
the peripheral zone extends into the ______ of the prostate
apex
What prostatic zone is the location of most prostate cancers?
peripheral
this zone of the prostate is superiorly located containing 25% of the prostatic glandular tissue. ejaculatory ducts pass through this zone from the seminal vesicles to the urethra
central
this zone is the base of the prostate
central
this zone of the prostate is located on both sides of the proximal urethra and contains 5% of the prostatic glandular tissue.
transitional
What prostatic zone is the site of origin of benign prostatic hyperplasia?
transitional
anteriorly located non-glandular portion of the prostate. Non-glandular tissue; not affected by cancer, prostatitis or hyperplasia.
fibromuscular stroma
What are 3 risk factors for prostatic cancer?
age
race
genetics
> 80% of prostate cancers are diagnosed in men older than ______ years.
65
______ men are up to 2x more likely to develop prostate cancer than white men.
African American
first-degree relative up to ______ x greater risk of developing prostate cancer.
2-3
What are 2 indications for a transrectal US?
abnormal digital rectal exam
elevation of PSA (20% in one year)
What is the classic appearance of prostate cancer on US?
hypoechoic
peripherally-oriented lesion
A method of prostate bx where a sonographic lesion is targeted- infrequently used due to its poor detection rate
lesion directed method
