prosocial dev in middle childhood

Question 1

what is middle childhood

Answer 1

period between early childhood and adolescence

Question 2

what age is middle childhood

Answer 2

6-12 but many researchers look at children aged 4 and 5 too so we will look from age 4-12

Question 3

what are the 4 main developmental domains that change across middle childhood

Answer 3

physical
language and communication
cognitive
social

Question 4

what is the first 1000 days concept

Answer 4

first 1000 days after birth are key as they predict later development and health

Question 5

why is there interest in middle childhood

Answer 5

-see more and more of how children develop
-how dev diverges between children or converges to normative patterns in groups
-dev disorders have typical average diagnosing ages in this period
-mental health concerns increasingly show themselves in this period
-children have entered formal schooling in WEIRD cultures

Question 6

who is interested in middle childhood

Answer 6

psychologists
clinicians
anthropologists
sociologists
public health
educationalists
policy makers etc

Question 7

what are the common developmental disorders seen in middle childhood

Answer 7

autism
dyslexia
dyspraxia
attention disorders
perceptual disorders e.g hearing/visual

Question 8

formal schooling in middle childhood across the world

Answer 8

-starts at diff ages in diff cultures, average age is 6
-all countries surveyed started formal schooling in middle childhood
-commonly a teacher, who is older than students and commonly the students are arranged into year groups

Question 9

beesdo et al 2009

Answer 9

first display of mental health concerns in middle childhood include depression, anxiety, eating disorders and childhood sz
-display of mental health concerns in middle childhood is on the rise

Question 10

globally how does schooling differ

Answer 10

-no. of teachers
-no. of children in classes
-mixed genders (are girls allowed?)
-curriculums
-qualifications/assessments
-term times
-context of classroom etc

Question 11

education vs formal schooling

Answer 11

education is much broader term encompassing vast and varied experiences that inform and shape the learning of children

Question 12

schooling and education in hunter gatherer/ forager sociaeties

Answer 12

-education takes place in community not formal schooling
-education may come from peers (same/diff age), family, broader cultural group
-education may be independent or in groups
-play is more prominent part of education (primary mechanism for transmission of social norms)
-hunter gatherer societies are prosocial (sharing all they have, cooperation etc)
-agg, competition and punishment are not social norms in this society

Question 12

why is it important to look at middle childhood

Answer 12

there are dramatic changes in social context and expectations upon children, their abilities, competencies and vulnerabilities