Properties of Alcohols Flashcards by Molly Gallagher | Brainscape

Q

H-bonding

A

higher bp, mp

hydrophillic-soluble in H2O

solubility goes down as R group size increases

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Q

type of bond?

A

polar covalent

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Q

amphoteric

A

can be an acid or a base

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Q

is ROH acidic?

A

weakly, ~ 15.9 pKa

ROH + B- —> RO- + BH

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Q

alkoxide anion

A

RO- strong base

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Q

to make rxn go forward (acid)…

A

use strong base (from conj. acid w/ high pKa)

B- must be stronger than resulting RO-

compare conj. acids, best if pKa diff >3.4

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Q

is ROH basic?

A

yes, O has lone pairs to donate

ROH + HA —> ROH2+ + A-

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Q

to make rxn go forward (base)…

A

pKa HA < pKa ROH

strong acid must be used (HA)

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Q

alcohol classes

A

CH3 > 1 > 2 >3

stronger acid ——- weaker acid

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Q

alcohol classes conj. base stability

A

stability goes down from CH3 —-> 3

reason: less solvation (stabilizing) due to sterics

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Q

presence of halogens

A

increases acidity

inductive effect stabilizes O-

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