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microbiology > prokaryotic diversity genus charts > Flashcards

prokaryotic diversity genus charts Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 5 classes of proteobacteria

A

alphaproteobacteria
betaproteobacteria
gammaproteobacteria
deltaproteobacteria
epsilonproteobacteria

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2
Q

list some alphaproteobacteria

A

agrobacterium
bartonella
brucella
caulobacter
ehrlichia
hyphomicrobium
methylocystis
rhizobium
rickettsia

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3
Q

unique characteristics of agrobacterium

A

plant pathogen, one species, a. tumefaciens, causes tumors in plants

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4
Q

unique characteristics of bartonella

A

facultative intracellular bacteria, transmitted by lice, fleas, cause trench fever and cat scratch disease inhumans

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5
Q

unique characteristics of brucella

A

facultative intracellular bacteria, transmitted by contaminated milk from infected cows, cause brucellosis in cattle and humans

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6
Q

unique characteristics of caulobacter

A

Used in studies on cellular adaptation and differentiation because of its peculiar life cycle (during cell division, forms “swarm” cells and “stalked” cells)

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7
Q

unique characteristics of ehrlichia

A

Obligatory intracellular bacteria; can be transported from cell to cell; transmitted by ticks; cause ehrlichiosis (destruction of white blood cells and inflammation) in humans and dogs

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8
Q

unique characteristics of hyphomicrobium

A

Similar to Caulobacter

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9
Q

unique characteristics of methylocystis

A

Nitrogen-fixing aerobic bacteria

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10
Q

unique characteristics of Rhizobium

A

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in soil and form symbiotic relationship with roots of legumes (e.g., clover, alfalfa, and beans)

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11
Q

unique characteristics of Rickettsia

A

Obligate intracellular bacteria; transmitted by ticks; may cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever and typhus, cannot synthesize their own ATP

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12
Q

list betaproteobacteria

A

bordetella
burkholderia
leptothrix
neisseria
thiobacillus

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13
Q

unique characteristics of bordetella

A

Aerobic, very fastidious; B. pertussis causes pertussis (whooping cough)

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14
Q

unique characteristics of Burkholderia

A

Aerobic, aquatic, cause diseases in horses and humans (especially patients with cystic fibrosis); agents of nosocomial infections

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15
Q

unique characteristics of leptothrix

A

Aquatic; oxidize iron and manganese; can live in wastewater treatment plants and clog pipes

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16
Q

unique characteristics of Neisseria

A

Require moisture and high concentration of carbon dioxide; oxidase positive, grow on chocolate agar; pathogenic species cause gonorrhea and meningitis

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17
Q

unique characteristics of thiobacillus

A

Thermophilic, acidophilic, strictly aerobic bacteria; oxidize iron and sulfur

18
Q

genus that are gammaproteobacteria

A

beggiatoa
coxiella
enterobacter
erwinia
escherichia
hemophilus
klebsiella
legionella
methylomonas
proteus
pseudomonas
serrate
shigella
vibrio
yersinia

19
Q

unique characteristics of beggiatoa

A

Aquatic, live in water with high content of hydrogen disulfide; can cause problems for sewage treatment

20
Q

unique characteristics of Beggiatoa

A

Aquatic, live in water with high content of hydrogen disulfide; can cause problems for sewage treatment

21
Q

unique characteristics of Coxiella

A

Obligatory intracellular bacteria; cause Q fever; potential for use as biological weapon

22
Q

unique characteristics of enterobacter

A

Facultative anaerobe; cause urinary and respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients; implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity

23
Q

unique characteristics of Erwinia

A

Plant pathogen causing leaf spots and discoloration; may digest cellulose; prefer relatively low temperatures (25–30 °C)

24
Q

unique characteristics of escherichia

A

Facultative anaerobe; inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals; some strains are mutualists, producing vitamin K; others, like serotype E. coli O157:H7, are pathogens; E. coli has been a model organism for many studies in genetics and molecular biology

25
Q

unique characteristics of Hemophilus

A

Pleomorphic, may appear as coccobacillus, aerobe, or facultative anaerobe; grow on blood agar; pathogenic species can cause respiratory infections, chancroid, and other diseases

26
Q

unique characteristics of klebsiella

A

Facultative anaerobe, encapsulated, nonmotile; pathogenic species may cause pneumonia, especially in people with alcoholism

27
Q

unique characteristics of legionella

A

Fastidious, grow on charcoal-buffered yeast extract; L. pneumophila causes Legionnaires disease

28
Q

unique characteristics of methylomonoas

A

Use methane as source of carbon and energy

29
Q

unique characteristics of proteus

A

Proteus Gram-negative bacillus (pleomorphic) Common inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract; motile; produce urease; opportunistic pathogens; may cause urinary tract infections and sepsis

30
Q

unique characteristics of pseudomonas

A

Aerobic; versatile; produce yellow and blue pigments, making them appear green in culture; opportunistic, antibiotic-resistant pathogens may cause wound infections, hospital-acquired infections, and secondary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis

31
Q

unique characteristics of serratia

A

Motile; may produce red pigment; opportunistic pathogens responsible for a large number of hospital-acquired infections

32
Q

unique characteristics of shigella

A

Nonmotile; dangerously pathogenic; produce Shiga toxin, which can destroy cells of the gastrointestinal tract; can cause dysentery

33
Q

unique characteristics of vibrio

A

Inhabit seawater; flagellated, motile; may produce toxin that causes hypersecretion of water and electrolytes in the gastrointestinal tract; some species may cause serious wound infections

34
Q

unique characteristics of yersinia

A

Carried by rodents; human pathogens; Y. pestis causes bubonic plague and pneumonic plague; Y. enterocolitica can be a pathogen causing diarrhea in humans

35
Q

unique characteristics of bdellovibrio

A

Obligate aerobes; motile; parasitic (infecting other bacteria)

36
Q

unique characteristics of desulfovibrio

A

Reduce sulfur; can be used for removal of toxic and radioactive waste

37
Q

unique characteristics of mycobacterium

A

Live in soil; can move by gliding; used as a model organism for studies of intercellular communication (signaling)

38
Q

genus’ that belong to deltaproteobacteria

A

bdellovibrio
desulfovibirio
myxobacterium

39
Q

what genus belong to epsilonproteobacteria

A

campylobacter
helicobacter

40
Q

unique characteristics of campylobacter

A

Aerobic (microaerophilic); often infects chickens; may infect humans via undercooked meat, causing severe enteritis

41
Q

unique characteristics of helicobacter

A

Aerobic (microaerophilic) bacterium; can damage the inner lining of the stomach, causing chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and stomach cancer

microbiology (11 decks)

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