Prof Rishi case base discussion

Question 1

What are common causes of lower limb pain in orthopedic cases?

Answer 1

Common causes include trauma, fractures, nerve impingement, arthritis, vascular disorders (e.g., deep vein thrombosis), and soft tissue injuries (e.g., sprains, muscle strains).

Question 2

What key diagnostic tool is crucial for assessing suspected fractures in lower limb pain cases?

Answer 2

X-rays are crucial for initial assessment. In some cases, MRI or CT scans may be necessary to evaluate soft tissue injuries or more complex fractures.

Question 3

When evaluating a patient with lower limb pain, what are the “red flags” that indicate urgent intervention?

Answer 3

Red flags include sudden swelling, inability to bear weight, loss of distal pulses, signs of infection (fever, redness, warmth), or neurological deficits (loss of sensation, foot drop).

Question 4

What is the importance of a neurovascular assessment in cases of lower limb trauma?

Answer 4

A neurovascular assessment helps to ensure that there is no nerve damage (e.g., numbness, tingling) or vascular compromise (e.g., decreased pulses, pallor) that could lead to serious complications.

Question 5

What clinical signs might indicate compartment syndrome in a patient with lower limb trauma?

Answer 5

Signs include severe pain (disproportionate to the injury), swelling, tightness, numbness, and decreased pulse in the affected limb. This is a surgical emergency.

Question 6

How are soft tissue injuries in the lower limb typically managed?

Answer 6

Soft tissue injuries are often managed with the RICE protocol (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation), along with analgesics and physical therapy if needed.

Question 7

What do you think when you see this?

Answer 7

Lytic bone

Question 8

What is this tear called

Answer 8

Bucket handle tear

Question 9

What do u think when u see this x-ray, the diabetic foot ulcer

Answer 9

Osteomyelitis