Problems in Human Nutrition

Question 1

Define malnutrition:

Answer 1

abnormal physiological condition caused by inadequate, unbalanced or excessive consumption of macronutrients and/or micronutrients

Question 2

Define MDER (Minimum dietary energy requirement):

Answer 2

amount of energy needed for light activity and minimum acceptable weight for attained height

Question 3

Define BMI:

Answer 3

relates weight and height, used to evaluate thinness and obesity

Question 4

Define protein-energy malnutrition:

Answer 4

BMI and shortness = indicators

- it’s an older term when they thought protein deficiency was the primary driver behind malnutrition

Question 5

Define micronutrient deficiency:

Answer 5

• lack of one, or more vitamins/minerals.

Question 6

Define undernutrition:

Answer 6

outcome of undernourishment, poor absorption, poor biological use of nutrients consumed as result of repeated infectious disease

Question 7

What is kwashiorkor?

Answer 7

sudden onset of swelling of feet, hands and face

• unknown cause, happens once weaned from breast milk
• cured from fortified milk
• severe malnutrition

Question 8

What is marasmus?

Answer 8

affected child, severely wasted, no fat and very little muscle left.

• internal organs (heart, blood) also weakened
• can’t fight infection

Question 9

How many children under the age of 5 are stunted and what is the %?

Answer 9

165mil.

25.7%

Question 10

What is the double burden of malnutrition?

Answer 10

• persistence of undernutrition

- along with rapidly increasing overweight/obese/chronic diseases especially among the poor

Question 11

What is the best example of country with double burden?

Answer 11

india - high prevalence of low-bith and childhood undernutrition but rapidly increasing adult obesity