Non-communicable disease and Prevention Flashcards
1
Q
Where are NCDs?
A
Non-communicable diseases
- non-infections, long duration, slow progression
- chronic, combination of genetic/psychological/environmental/behavioural
2
Q
Examples of NCDs?
A
- cardiovascular diseases (heart attacks, stroke)
- cancers
- chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma)
- diabetes.
3
Q
Per year, how many die from NCDs? and in % of deaths?
A
41mil.
71% deaths
4
Q
What are the shared risk factors?
A
- tobacco
- physical inactivity
- diet
- alcohol
- obesity
- raised cholesterol
- decreased vegetable and fruit intake
- raised blood glucose
- high BP
5
Q
Who are at risk of such NCDs?
A
- areas with rapid unplanned urbanization
- globalization of unhealthy lifestyles
- population ageing
6
Q
What are the metabolic risk factors that increase NCDs?
A
- raised blood pressure
- overweight/obesity
- hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) and
- hyperlipidemia (high levels of fat in the blood).
7
Q
What are the socioeconomic impacts of NCDs?
A
- Poverty is closely linked with NCDs.
- those exposed to harmful products and have limited access to health services.
- health-care costs for NCDs quickly drain household resources
8
Q
How do you reduce NCDs?
A
- focus on reducing the risk factors associated with the disease
- Detecting
- Screening
- Treating
- Providing access to palliative care
