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America > Problem Of Western Expansion > Flashcards

Problem Of Western Expansion Flashcards

0
Q

Year of Missouri’s application

A

1819

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1
Q

Number of states in 1819 and balance

A

22, 11 of each

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2
Q

Terms of Missouri Compromise x3

A

Missouri slave
Maine free
No slavery above 3630

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3
Q

Mexico frees slaves, date

A

1829

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4
Q

American immigrants in Texas in 1835

A

30,000 with 5,000 slaves to 5,000 Mexicans

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5
Q

Number killed at the Alamo in March 1837

A

187

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6
Q

Who defeated Mexicans in April 1836

A

American-Texan army led by Sam Houston

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7
Q

Mexican defeat in 1836 where and result

A

San Jacinto

Santa Anna captured and forced to recognise independence of Texas

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8
Q

Jackson attitude to Texas

A

Sympathetic but ignored it

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9
Q

Candidates in 1844 Presidential election

A

Whig Henry Clay against Democrat James Polk

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10
Q

Polk’s 1844 platform

A

Annexation of Oregon and Texas

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11
Q

Who admitted Texas when

A

Whig President Tyler in 1845

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12
Q

Who coined manifest destiny

A

Democrat journalist John O’Sullivan

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13
Q

Causes of Mexican American War (4)

A

Texas
Disputed boundaries
Mexican failure to pay $2 million
Obvious attempts to take New Mexico and Cali

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14
Q

Attempted purchase of New Mexico

A

John Slidell sent as special emissary to Mexico in 1845 with authority to offer $30 million

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15
Q

Triggering Mexican War

A

Polk sent US troops into disputed Rio Grande region

Ambushed by Mexicans in May 1846 causing 16 casualties

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16
Q

American advantages in the Mexican war (6)

A 
Double the population
Much stronger industrial base
Superior artillery
Many well trained officers
Enthusiastic volunteers
Naval Supremacy
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17
Q

Key figures in the war with Mexico (4-1)

A

Colonel Kearney, Colonel Fremont, General Z Taylory, General Scott v General Santa Anna

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18
Q

Cost of the Mexican war

A

$100 million and 13,000 dead (11,000 from disease)

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19
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A

Feb 1848
2/5 of USA for $15 million and $3.25 million worth of debt
Ratified in May 1848

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20
Q

Wilmot Proviso

A

August 1846, proposed slavery should be excluded from any territory gained from Mexico

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21
Q

Voting for Wilmot Proviso

A

83 to 64 pass in house
All southern democrats and all but two southern Whigs voted against
Failed to pass the senate

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22
Q

When was the Calhoun Doctrine

A

1847

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23
Q

When was congress called solely for slavery

A

30th, December 1847

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24
Q

Champions of popular sovereignty

A

Mid-Western Democrats Senator Lewis Cass and Senator Stephen Douglas

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25
Q

What was popular sovereignty

A

Settlers, not congress should decide whether a territory should or should not allow slaves

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26
Q

Candidates for 1848 election (3)

A

Lewis Cass for Democrats
Zachary Taylor for Whigs
Martin van Buren for Free Soil Party

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27
Q

1848 election result

A

Taylor won 47.5% and 163 EC
Cass won 42.5% and 127 EC
van Buren won 10% and 0 EC
Taylor won 8/15 free and 7/15 slave states

28
Q

Reaction to Calhoun’s Address of the People of the Southern States

A

Only 48 signed, 1/3 of slave state members of congress

29
Q

Year of Cali gold rush

A

1848-49

30
Q

Who called for 1850 Nashville Convention

A

Mississippi in October 1849, to all slave States to adopt resistance to Northern aggression.

31
Q

Henry Clay first in congress

A

1812

32
Q

Set of resolutions in omnibus bill (5)

A

Cali admitted as a free state
Utah and New Mexico would be territories with no mention of slavery or restriction
Slave trading but not slavery would end in Washington
Stronger Fugitive Slave Act
Texas surrendered land to New Mexico in return for debts

33
Q

Who read Calhoun’s speech and why

A

Senator Mason of Virginia as he was ill, soon dead

34
Q

Leading figures in 1850 Compromise (3)

A

Senator Douglas
Webster
Clay

35
Q

Taylor’s attitude to 1850 compromise

A

Too soft on South, Cali and New Mexico should both be free with no concessions

36
Q

1850 Nashville Conference turnout

A

9 slave States sent, 6 didn’t

Dominated by moderates

37
Q

Fillmore’s attitude to omnibus bill

A

More sympathetic to the South

Supported the omnibus bill

38
Q

Douglas’ actions in getting 1850 compromise passed

A

Submitted each as a separate bill

All passed

39
Q

Second Nashville convention, Nov 1850

A

Only half the delegates turned up

40
Q

Southern state elections in 1851-52

A

Unionist candidates defeated secessionists

41
Q

Terms of Fugitive Slave Act

A

Authorised federal marshals to raise posses to pursue fugitives
$1000 fine for not helping
Also target fugitives from many years ago

42
Q

Events of Burns Affair 1854

A

Boston mob broke into courthouse and killed a guard to rescue fugitive slave
Troops had to escort Burns to a ship for removal

43
Q

State opposition to FSA

A

9 states passed personal liberty laws

State jails not allowed to keep prisoners

44
Q

Uncle Tom’s Cabin, date and author

A

1851, Harriet Beecher Stowe

45
Q

Uncle Tom’s Cabin Sales

A

300,000 in 1852 and 2 million over next 10

46
Q

1852 Democratic Candidate

A

Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire, accessible to all factions of the party

47
Q

Whig candidates for 1852 election

A

North wanted Gen Scott, eventually chosen on 53rd ballot

South wanted Fillmore

48
Q

1852 election result

A

Pierce won 51% and 254 EC votes

Scott won 44% and only 44 EC votes

49
Q

Change in Whig vote in lower South 1848-54

A

50% to 35%

50
Q

Year of Gadsden purchase

A

1853

51
Q

Land in Gadsden purchase

A

Wanted to buy 250,000 square miles but only got 45,000

52
Q

American attempts at Cuba (3)

A

Filibuster 1851
Scare Spain into selling Cuba 1853
Ostend Manifesto

53
Q

Ostend Manifesto terms

A

If Spain refused to sell, USA could forcibly take control

54
Q

Reaction to Ostend Manifesto

A

Leaked to press and denounced by North
Fear of a Latin American slave empire
Soule, responsible, resigned

55
Q

Importance of organising a territory

A

Land cannot be surveyed, sold or developed until organised

56
Q

Douglas’ position in congress

A

Chairman of the Senate Committee on Territories

57
Q

Date of Douglas’ previous attempt to organise territory

A

1844

58
Q

Proposed method of dealing with slavery in Nebraska

A

Popular sovereignty

59
Q

Changes to the KNA following Southern opposition

A

Specific repeal of ban in Nebraska

Divide into Kansas and Nebraska separately

60
Q

Douglas’ motives (2) for KNA

A

Improved reputation for presidential campaign

Trans-continental railway would improve wealth

61
Q

Abolitionist propaganda written by Salmon Chase, Jan 1854

A

The Appeal of the Independent Democrats in Congress to the People of the United States

62
Q

Northern Democratic vote on KNA

A

44 for it, 43 against it

63
Q

Total sectional vote for KNA

A

90% of South for

64% of N against

64
Q

Year Douglas was first in congress

A

1843

65
Q

Name for Southern opposition to KNA

A

F Street Mess

66
Q

State opposition to KNA (2)

A

Of 10 Northern state legislators in session, 5 Whig denounced it and 4/5 Democrat refused to endorse it, only Illinois approved

67
Q

Number of Democrats voting for KNA that were re-elected in the North

A

Only 7

America (13 decks)

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