Problem 6 Social influence

Question 1

Why do we conform

Answer 1

• Reward power
• Punish power
• Informational power
• Legitimate power
• Expert power
• Referent power

Question 2

Agentic state

Answer 2

characterise unquestioning obedience, in which people as agents transfer their responsibility to the one who is giving orders

Question 3

Referent informational influence

Answer 3

Pressure to conform to a group norm that defines oneself as a group member

Question 4

Rule of majority

Answer 4

the majority “forces” the minority to conform

Question 5

Obedience

Answer 5

Willingness to obey legitimate authority

Question 6

Offloading effect

Answer 6

When we get external information we tend to accept it as true so we don’t have to think about it (explanation of conformity)

Question 7

Evolution

Answer 7

cooperating in group is/was important for survival (use of conformity)

Question 8

Informational influence

Answer 8

An influence to accept information from another as evidence about reality (test against reality)
→effective informational influence causes cognitive change
→rules in moments of doubt

Question 9

Normative influence

Answer 9

An influence to conform to positive expectations of others, gain social approval and avoid social disapproval.
→when we believe the group is able to reward or punish us because of our behaviour (under surveillance)

Question 10

Social influence

Answer 10

Process whereby attitudes and behaviour are influences by a real or implied presence of a person

Question 11

Compliance

Answer 11

Superficial, public and transitory change of attitudes and behaviour as a response to request or group pressure

Question 12

Reference group

Answer 12

are psychologically significant for peoples attitudes and behaviours, either positive that we try to conform with their norms or negative that we try to act against them

Question 13

Membership group

Answer 13

A group which we belong by some objective external criterion

Question 14

Dual-process dependency model

Answer 14

General model of social influence in which two separated process operate. Dependency on others for social approval for information about reality (normative and informational influence)

Question 15

Power

Answer 15

resisting to the influence of others while you try to influence them

Question 16

Meta-contrast principle

Answer 16

The prototype of a group is that position within the group that has the largest ratio of similarities to ingroup positions to differences to outgroup positions

Question 17

Majority influence

Answer 17

The bigger group influences a smaller group or individuals (nazis)
o	Compliance (direct influence)

Question 18

Minority influence

Answer 18

The smaller group or individual influences a bigger group (martin Luther King) 
o	Conversion (indirect influence)

Question 19

Hollander (idiosyncratic credit)

Answer 19

Conformity in the beginning is important for later minority influence