Problem 3 Prejudice and stereotypes Flashcards
Prejudice
unfavourable attitude towards a social group and its members
→an interaction between large-scale social forces , evolution-based behavioural and cognitive parameters, and individual human beings unique biographies of experiences and relationships
Stereotypes
widely common and simplified evaluative image of a social group and their members
• Stereotypes often serve the function of justifying prejudice and discrimination
• Stereotypes explain what a group is, why the group is that way, and why these groups are treated as they are
discrimination
when you behave due to your prejudice
Reluctance to help
- Other groups to improve their position in society
- Combination of racial anxiety and antipathy, coupled with a beliefe of overstated, leads to not offering help
- Appears mostly when it can be attributed to some other factors
Tokenism
• The practice of publicly making concessions to a minority group in order to seem not prejudiced or discriminative
→ e.g. don’t bother me haven’t I already done enough
• Has damaging consequence for the self-esteem of people who are employed as token minorities
Reverse discrimination
• People who are prejudiced may sometimes be more kind to people from groups against they are prejudiced more than to members of other groups to deflect the association to prejudice and discrimination
Face-ism
Media gives more importance to the head of men and less to the body other way around for women
→camera focus more on the upper body for women and the head for men
category primes
is the bases of categories so the basis of stereotypes, can be e.g. an accent, a face, a costume)
Parental prejudice
learned in an age where you didn’t knew something about the outgroup but you get an emotional framework from your parents which you might overtake
Authoritarian personality
Personality syndrome built in the childhood or born that leads individuals to be prejudiced
→people are not flexible in their thoughts and they are really sensitive to authority
Social dominance theory
social structure seems to be supported by a unspoken group hierarchy which is based on different traits such as gender or ethnicity. This hierarchy seems to be responsible for the assigning of resources or privileges.
For example, in modern western society, the white male hierarchy is more dominant than minority racial groups. In turn, the dominant hierarchies (white males) will allocate resources based on their self-interest and assign undesired roles, such as working dangerous jobs or living in undesirable locations, to subordinate groups.
Believe congruence theory
The theory that similar believes promote liking and social harmony among people, dissimilarity porduce dislike and prejudice
Ethnocentrism
Evaluative preference for all aspects of our own group relative to other groups
Relative deprivation
when you have less than others you will get jealous which leads to aggression against whom have it (is applicable for individuals and groups)
Stigma
Group attributes that mediate a negative social-evaluation of people who belonging to the group
Visible stigmas
such as race, gender, obesity and age things that people cannot easily avoid being the target of stereotypes and discrimination
concealable stigmas
such as sexuality, some illness, religion allow people to avoid prejudice and discrimination (high cost, untrue to themselves) can lead to decreased self-esteem
controllable stigmas
are those that people believe, right or wrong, are chosen rather than assigned e.g. smoking homosexuality
uncontrollable stigmas
are those that people believe it is assigned to them e.g. race some illness
Stereotype lift
People or groups feel better if they compare themselves with stigmatised groups (downward comparison)
