Principles of pharmacodynamics Flashcards
what is pharmacodynamics?
the actions of the drug on the body
what is pharmacokinetics?
the actions of the body on the drug
what is pharmacokinetics concerned with?
movement through the body, absorption of the drug, its distribution through the body, how its metabolised and elimination
what is the ADME process?
- process of pharmacokinetics
- the course of the drug from introduction to elimination
- Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
what are agonist drugs?
stimulate the receptors and mimic the effect of this occurring naturally
what are antagonist drugs?
block the receptors and prevent them from being stimulated naturally
what is therapeutic index?
the ration. between the dose that causes the desired effect and that causing a toxic effect
how is drug toxicity avoided?
- Accurate calculation of the dose initially
- careful monitoring during administration
- use of additional practices
what is a half life?
the length of time it takes for the levels of that day in the body to be reduced by half
what is a drug indication?
the situations in which its use is appropriate
what is a drug contraindication?
situations in which its. use would be inappropriate or even dangerous
what are some factors that can affect the duration of action of a drug?
- age of patient
- route
- underlying conditions
- breed
- hydration status
- multiple medications
- storage
for a drug. to be effective it must be:
- absorbed from its site of administration into the blood stream
- distributed via the plasma to its site of action
what factors must be considered when deciding on the route of administration?
- the disease
- drug being described and formulation
- owners ability to administer
- condition and temperament of animal
what is bioavailability?
- amount of drug that reaches the circulation intact
- iv drugs = 100%
