Principles of Instrumentation

Question 1

Rod shaped length of metal located between the handle and the working end
Extension device that increases the length of the instrument so that the working end can be correctly positioned on the tooth/root
Visual cue to determine use of instrument- anterior/posterior; assessment/calculus removal; type of calculus; depth
Generally much smaller in diameter than the handle
May be straight or bent in one or more places

Answer 1

Instrument Shank

Question 2

Instrument Shank: Extension device that increases the length of the instrument :

Answer 2

so that the working end can be correctly positioned on the tooth/root

Question 3

Part of the instrument that does the work
Begins where the shank ends
Shaped or flattened on some surfaces
May terminate in a sharp point or a rounded
surface
May be thin and wire-like or look like a tiny
measuring stick
Instrument may have one or two working
ends

Answer 3

Instrument Working End

Question 4

The recommended grasp for holding a periodontal instrument.

Answer 4

Modified Pen Grasp

Question 5

Modified Pen Grasp

• Allows __ __ of the working end
• Permits a wide __ _ ____
• Facilitates good __ ___

Answer 5

• Allows precise control of the working end
• Permits a wide range of motion
• Facilitates good tactile conduction

Question 6

Finger ID for the Modified Pen Grasp

• Index finger and thumb __ the instrument handle
• Middle finger __ on the instrument shank
• Ring finger advances ahead of the other fingers to act as ___ for the hand and instrument

Answer 6

• Index finger and thumb hold the instrument handle
• Middle finger rests on the instrument shank
• support

Question 7

Functions of the fulcrum

• Serves as a __ __ for the hand during instrumentation
• Enables the hand and instrument to __ _ _ ___
• Allows for precise ___ _ __ ____ ___ ___ during insturmentaiton

Answer 7

• Serves as a support beam for the hand during instrumentation
• Enables the hand and instrument to move as a unit
• Allow for precise control of stroke pressure and length during instrumentation

Question 8

Stabilization of the clinician’s dominant hand by placing the pad of the ring finger on a tooth near to the tooth being instrumented.
May be same sextant/quadrant, cross arch or opposite arch.

Answer 8

Intraoral Fulcrum

Question 9

Intraoral Fulcrum Placement

Answer 9

Same arch/sextant

-place fulcrum finger on the occlusal or incisal surface of a tooth near the tooth being instrumented

Question 10

What kind of mirror: Reflecting surface on front of glass
Clear image with no distortion
Most commonly used
Scratches easily

Answer 10

Front surface mirror

Question 11

What kind of mirror:

-produces distorted magnified image

Answer 11

Concave mirror

Question 12

Reflecting surface on back of lens

Produces double image

Answer 12

Plane or flat surface mirror

Question 13

Transillumination
The technique of directing light off of the mirror surface and through the ___ ___. As light is reflected off of the mirror surface, the light beams pass through the teeth

Answer 13

anterior teeth