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Fundamentals > Darby Chapter 14 Vital Signs Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Darby Chapter 14 Vital Signs Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Vital Signs are often an indication of a patients ___and ___

A

cardiovascular and overall health

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2
Q

Patients may exhibit abnormal vital signs due to a variety of causes, including

A

pathologic conditions and other external factors that may be unrelated to health

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3
Q

Vital Signs are indicators of health status: what are the indicators

A

Body Temp
Pulse Rate
Blood Pressure

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4
Q

What techniques are used to determine vital signs

A

Inspection, Palpation, Auscultation

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5
Q 
Acceptable Ranges for Adults
Body Temp:
Pulse:
Respirations:
Blood Pressure:
A

Body Temp: 36 C - 38 C or 96.8-100.4
Average oral 98.6 or 37 C
Pulse: 60-100 beats per minute Average 80 beats
Respirations: 12-20 respirations per minute
Blood Pressure
120/80

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6
Q

When to take vital signs

A
  • before/after/druing surgical procedures
  • at every ccx
  • when pt taking medication that can affect bp
  • before administering anesthetic/nitrous
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7
Q

Allow patient to sit quietly for at lest _ minutes before taking blood pressure

A

5 minutes

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8
Q

Body temperature is regulated by

A

the brains hypothalamic area, which acts as the bodys thermostat

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9
Q

The hypothalamus senses changes in ____ and sends ___ out to the body to correct them

A

temperature

impulses

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10
Q

Body perspires when

A

rise in body temp

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11
Q

body shivers

A

decrease in body temp

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12
Q

5 sites to measure body temp

A

Oral, Ear, rectal, axilla, forehead

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13
Q

Body temp is recorded in

A

degrees fahrenheit

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14
Q

Different thermometers

A 
Disposable
Tympanic membrane 
Axillary electronic
Pacifier
Electronic digital
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15
Q

If fever is suspected patient should be

A

rescheduled

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16
Q

If a fever is present and it is dental related

A

immediate treatment and antibiotic therapy may be indiacted

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17
Q

Integrity of the cardiovascular system, Intermittent beat of the heart felt through the walls of an artery

A

Pulse

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18
Q

Tachycardia

A

above 100 beats per minute. Elevated heart rate. However normal for stress or exercise

19
Q

Bradycardia

A

below 60 beats per mintue abnormal slow heart rate, athletes may have bradycardia as result of physcial conditioning

20
Q

Body Sites where the rhythmic beats of an artery can be felt

A

Pulse Points

21
Q

Most common site for assesing pulse. How many fingers used

A

Radial Pulse.2

22
Q

When taking pulse and cant find radial pulse use

A

carotid pulse on neck

23
Q

Pulse Descriptions

A 
Heart Rhythm (regular or irregular)
Pulse Quality (thready, strong, bounding, weak
24
Q

Alternating strong and weak heartbeats may indicate ventricular failure

A

Pulsus alternans

25
Q

rate is assessed by counting the rise and fall (i.e, inspiration and expiration) of the patient’s chest and is recorded as respirations per minute (rpm).

A

Respiration

26
Q

Tachypnea

A

rapid breathing greater than 20 rpm may indicate restricitve lung disease or inflammation of the lungs

27
Q

3 things asscotiated with increased breathing

A

physcial exercise
anxiety
metabolic acidosis

28
Q

Deep labored breathing is associated with

A

diabetic ketoacidosis

29
Q

obstructed breathing is associated with 4 things

A

asthma
chronic bronchitis
congetstive heart disease
chronic obstrcutive pulmonary disease

30
Q

the force exerted by the blood against the arterial walls when the heart contracts, is an important indicator of current cardiovascular function and a risk indicator of future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

A

Blood Pressure

31
Q

Chronic Hypertension

A

causes thickening and loss of elasticity in the arterial walls, which can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack), heart failure, stroke, and kidney disease.

32
Q

Hhypotension

A

(low blood pressure) is not dangerous unless the patient has noticeable chronic signs and symptoms or if the patient is in a state of shock or is affected by a disorder or condition that lowers the blood pressure. In fact, the lower the blood pressure, the better the long-term prognosis for cardiovascular health.

Bowen, Denise M.,Pieren, Jennifer A. Darby and Walsh Dental Hygiene E-Book (Kindle Locations 10666-10668). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.

33
Q

Acute change in bp

A

indicate emergency situation

34
Q

measures the maximum pressure occurring in the blood vessels during cardiac ventricular contraction (systole) and is the number on the BP cuff when the first heart sound is heard

A

Systolic Blood Pressure

35
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

BP CUFF

36
Q

Diastolic Blood Pressure measures

A

measures the minimum pressure occurring against the arterial walls as a result of cardiac ventricular relaxation (diastole) and is the number on the sphygmomanometer when the last heart sound is heard.

37
Q

When documenting BP record

A

date and arm used

38
Q

Hypertensive Crisis

A

crisis is a systolic blood pressure greater than 180 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure greater than 120 mm Hg 3 (consult a medical doctor immediately).

39
Q

___ is the major cause of stroke and contributing factor for myocardial infarction

A

hypertension

40
Q

The sphygmomanometer consists of a pressure-measuring device called a ___and an inflatable cuff that wraps around the arm or leg. Portable

A

manometer

41
Q

The recommended cuff width should be

A

20percent more than the upper arm diameter

42
Q

Instrument used to amplify sound, consists of two earpieces, binaurals, plastic or rubber tubing and a chest piece. Chest Piece has 2 sides, the bell and diaphragm

A

Stethoscope

43
Q

Explain Korotkoff sounds

A

When the bladder within the occluding cuff is deflated, the blood begins to flow intermittently through the brachial artery ( Fig. 14.9 ), producing rhythmic, knocking sounds. These sounds are referred to as Korotkoff (ko-rot-kov) sounds . As the cuff is deflated further, the Korotkoff sounds become less audible, and the pulse eventually disappears. See Fig. 14.10 for the five Korotkoff sounds described in phases.

44
Q

a period of abnormal silence that occurs between the Korotkoff phases, can occur when measuring blood pressure in older patients with a wide pulse pressure. This gap usually appears between the first and second systolic sounds. Failure to recognize the auscultatory gap results in an underestimation of the systolic pressure.

A

Auscultatory gap

Fundamentals (29 decks)

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