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Fundamentals > Extraoral Exam > Flashcards

Extraoral Exam Flashcards

Exam 1 Prep

1
Q

Extraoral Head and Neck Examination

What is is?
A physical examination technique consisting of:
A ___ ____ ____ of the skin of the head and neck
_____ of the lymph nodes, salivary glands, thyroid, and TMJ
Thorough and accurate _____ of findings.

A

systematic visual inspection
Palpation
documentation

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2
Q

When do I preform a extra oral screening

A

Annually or more often if needed

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3
Q

EXTRAORAL: Keys to Effective Examination

A
  • Thorough Examination
  • Consistent Sequence to include all structures
  • Good Palpation technique
  • Careful Documentation of all findings
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4
Q

***Never palpate prior to __ ____

A

visual examination

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5
Q

Document findings utilizing ____/_____

A

lesion/descriptors

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6
Q

Correct Palpation Technique

A

Circular palpation. Light to firm pressure

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7
Q

***What are Compression Techniques

A

To detect abnormalities such as swelling, tumors, enlarged lymph nodes, structure must be compressed :

  • Against a firm structure
  • or between the examiners fingers
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8
Q

Compression between fingers of one hand

A

Bi-digital palpation

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9
Q

Compression between fingers of both hands

A

Bi manual palpation

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10
Q

Compression against underlying structure /compression over underlying structure

A

Digital palpation

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11
Q

Descriptors of Head and Neck Findings Detected by Palpation

A

Surface: Smooth or rough/flat/raised knob/lump/swelling
Shape: Irregular/round/oval
Consistency:Firm/Hard/Spongy
Mobility: Mobile or Fixed
Tennderness: Amount of tenderness if any experienced by the patient whe the structure is palpated

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12
Q

Four Subgroups of Head and Neck Exam

A
  1. Overall appraisal of head, neck, face, skin
  2. Lymph nodes of head and neck
  3. Salivary and thyroid glands
  4. TMJ
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13
Q

Overall Appraisal of Head, Neck, Face, Ears, Skin

Position patient in upright position, supporting his or her own head
___ ___ and ____ for performing procedure to patient, answer any questions and secure consent

Remove eyeglasses, hat, visor, scarf, headphones, etc.

Patient napkin is placed ___ _____ of head and neck exam.

Unobtrusively inspect skin and symmetry of face and neck

A

Explain procedure and rationale

upon completion

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14
Q

Normal Findings

  • Face and neck appear ___
  • Skin is ___ and ___ in color
  • Even ____ of hair on scalp
A

symmetrical
intact and uniform
distribution

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15
Q

Is documentation required for findings within normal limits for Extra oral

A

No

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16
Q

Notable Findings

A
  • Lesions or color changes of the skin
  • Uneven patterns of hair loss
  • Masses in the neck
  • Wounds, bruises, scars
  • Swelling of face or neck
  • Asymmetry of face or neck
17
Q

How to document notable findings

A

Location
Discriptors( shape, borders,color,size)
Duration
follow up questions

18
Q

***Request the following information for follow up on findings

A
  • Has it always looked like this or has it changed over time? Include size, shape, texture, color.

-Does it hurt or how do you know that it is there? If yes, when does it hurt? What makes it hurt?

19
Q

Lymphatic System

A

A network of lymph nodes connected by lymphatic vessels

-plays a role in defense against infection

20
Q

Bean Shaped structures that filter and trap bacteria, fungi, viruses, and waste

A

Lymph nodes

21
Q

400- ___ lymph nodes in the body

A

700

22
Q

170- ___ lymph nodes in neck

A

200

23
Q

Normal healthy lymph nodes can or can not be felt

A

can not

24
Q

Enlarged lymph nodes

A

Lymphadenopathy

25
Q

Infected lymph nodes will have 6 qualities

A
  • Swollen, feels a bit like a grape
  • firm
  • tender
  • enlarged
  • bilateral swellin
  • freely moveable
26
Q

Malignant Lymph Nodes

A
  • Enlarged
  • Firm
  • Non-tender-***Painless
  • Matted-stuck to each other-bundle of grapes
  • FIXED to underlying tissue
  • Unilateral (enlarged on only one side of head or neck)
27
Q

Correct Palpation Technique:
Use the fingertips to ________________, using a circular motion.

ALWAYS ____ PRIOR to _____

A

compress the structure against the underlying tissues

Always look prior to palpating

28
Q

something to remember before palpating postauricular nodes

A

move ear and visual

29
Q

Occipital

A
  • Always look prior to palpating
  • Visually inspect head, scalp, and ears from behind patient
  • Have patient lift hair so neck is visible
  • Begin at midline of neck and palpate along hairline
  • **Use CIRCULAR MOTION TO COMPRESS tissues against the underlying bone
30
Q

located on the surface of the masseter muscle between the ear and jaw

A

Parotid glands

31
Q

sit below the jaw toward the back of the mouth

A

Submandibular glands

32
Q

located under the tongue, beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth

A

Sublingual glands

33
Q

An enlarged thyroid gland

A

goiter

34
Q

Sits below the larynx (voice box)

Sits over the trachea and just above the clavicles

A

Thyroid

35
Q

Salivary glands: NOTABLE FINDINGS

A
  • Palpable gland (healthy gland cannot be felt)
  • swollen or enlarged
  • Firm, hard consistency
  • Tender to palpation
36
Q

THYROID GLAND NOTEABLE FINDINGS

A
  • Palpable gland (healthy gland cannot be felt)
  • Deviates from midline of neck
  • Asymmetrical lobes
  • Enlarged lobes nodules present hard, firm consitency
  • fixed to underylying sturcutres
37
Q

Crepitus means

A

clicking

38
Q

TMJ NOTable findings

A
  • Abnormal sounds
  • Asymmetrical movements
  • Tenderness or pain
  • Limited opening adequte range of motion. patients fingers

Fundamentals (29 decks)

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