principles of immune responses

Question 1

two types of immunity

Answer 1

innate, adaptive

Question 2

2 strategies for recognition of danger and initiating a response

Answer 2

germ-line encoded, random recombination

Question 3

which immunity uses germ-line encoded immunity

Answer 3

innate

Question 4

which immunity uses random recombination

Answer 4

adaptive

Question 5

features of germ-line encoded immunity

Answer 5

genes code for hundreds of specific, non-changing receptor proteins for molecular patterns

Question 6

advantages of germ-line encoded immunity

Answer 6

many cells have same receptors so very rapid and effective response

Question 7

disadvantages of germ-line encoded immunity

Answer 7

limited diversity so some pathogens not recognised

Question 8

what receptors does germ-line encoded immunity use

Answer 8

pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

Question 9

features of random recombination immunity

Answer 9

millions of receptors to recognise specific precise structures using random recombination of gene segments

Question 10

features of random recombination immunity

Answer 10

millions of receptors to recognise specific precise structures using random recombination of gene segments; few cells express each receptor, so must replicate for effective response, yet massive diversity allows for recognition of all structures (may lead to autoimmunity as randomly generated - eliminated in utero and in bone marrow)

Question 11

disadvantages of random recombination immunity

Answer 11

few cells express each receptor, so must replicate for effective response; may lead to autoimmunity as randomly generated - eliminated in utero and in bone marrow

Question 12

disadvantages of random recombination immunity

Answer 12

few cells express each receptor, so must replicate for effective response; may lead to autoimmunity as randomly generated - eliminated in utero and in bone marrow

Question 13

what receptor is used in random recombination immunity

Answer 13

antigen-specific receptors on lymphocytes to recognise precise structure

Question 14

main feature of antigen when binding to T cell receptor in random recombination immunity

Answer 14

processed antigen fragment by MHC binds to a and B chains on T lymphocyte

Question 15

main feature of antigen when binding to T cell receptor in random recombination immunity

Answer 15

processed antigen fragment by MHC binds to a and B chains on T lymphocyte

Question 16

where on an antigen do receptors bind to in random recombination immunity

Answer 16

epitope