host defence against infection

Question 1

innate vs adaptive

Answer 1

innate: less specific but more rapid, pre-formed, no memory, common patterns (toll-like receptors); adaptive more specific but slower, requiring clonal expansion, T and B cells

Question 2

humoral vs cellular

Answer 2

humoral: production of interferons - type I activate NK cells and increase expression for processing and presenting viral proteins, recruit other cells by chemokines; cellular: neutrophils (circulation) and macrophages (tissue), NK form bridge between innate and acquired - produce different combinations of T cytokines so shape adaptive response

Question 3

defence against viruses

Answer 3

Th1

Question 4

defence against fungi

Answer 4

Th17

Question 5

defence at mucosa vs skin

Answer 5

skin: dead/soon to be dead cells present on outside-facing surfaces of organism to protect, commensal bacteria, chemicals (acids, anti-microbial proteins); mucosa: mucous, cilia, coughing, sneezing, rapid cell turnover