Principles of Cytopathology Flashcards
Dr. Short
What are limitations on cytology?
What is a fine needle biopsy best used for?
cutaneous mass or proliferative lesion - obtain cells from eep lesions
avoids surface contamination with inflammatory cells or organisms
What are the two methods of fine needle biopsy?
non-aspiration technique
aspiration technique
What syringe do you normally use for a fine needle biopsy?
22-25 gauge needle
syringe size not important - 12 mL standard
What is the non-aspiration/capillary/stab technique?
insert needle into lesion, then pull back out but not existing completely, redirect needle and reinsert
have air in syringe and then attach needle and expel contents onto slide
T/F: With non-aspiration/capillary/stab technique, the syringe is grasped at the needle ehub
TRUE
What is the aspiration procedure?
syringe already attached - NO AIR until needle in lesion and will have negative pressure
What are keys to successful samples?
4-5 slides per mass
How do you get the sample on the slide?
What is the slide over slide (squash prep)?
material collected expressed on one side of the slide
cross technique thing we’ve done
What is the blood smear technique?
What is the starfish slide prep?
What is an impression smear? What is is it used for?
ulcerated or exudative lesions, inflammation
What is the scraping technique and used for?
good for cutaneous lesions. produced more cellular slide vs impression
What is a swab?
when other sampling techniques are not an option
How do you prepare the slides?
How do you submit slides?
How do you evaluate slides?
lower power first
What does high power allow for?
allows for in depth visualization of the cell types
What happens with splatter?
syringe is too far away from slide when expelling contents
move closer to slide and try to expel gently but quickly to make one large dollop
What are some possible causes for ruptured cells?
negative pressure when aspirating
too much pressure when spreading slide
What happens in nuclear streaming/stripping?
likely due to excessive pressure during squash prep
What happens with overstraining slides?
slide left too long in one or more stain wells
What happens with stain precipitant?
stains should be thrown out weekly or at least filtered weekly
What happens with lubricant artifact?
seen when aspirating an area with ultrasound gel
can be seen with traumatic urethral catheterization
What problems does formalin cause?
prevent cells from being stained appropriately
essentially fixed then and prevent staining
do not put slides and sample in the same bag!!
