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PTA 105 Growth and Development > Primitive Reflexes > Flashcards

Primitive Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

Definition: an automatic movement pattern that occurs in response to a specific touch or position stimuli

A

primitive reflexes

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2
Q

_____ support the birthing process: Infants depend on this for survival and early learning.

A

primitive reflexes

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3
Q

Reflexes support development in (4):

A
  • integrative
  • attention
  • learning
  • sensory
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4
Q 
Stimulus/response
S: rapid neck extention
R:
1. arms abduct and extend
2. followed by arms flexing
3. crying

Duration: 28 weeks - 4 or 6 months

Concerns: sitting balance, protective reactions in sitting; eye-hand coord; visual tracking

A

Moro

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5
Q

symptoms of retained _____:

  • car sickness or poor balance and coordination
  • poor stamina
  • doesn’t maintain eye contact
  • sensitive to light
  • sensitive to sound
  • allergies
  • adverse reaction to drugs
  • dislike of change
  • anxiety or nervousness
  • mood swings
  • poor math sense
A

Moro

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6
Q

Stimulus/response
S: stroke along the sides of the spine
R: lateral flexion of trunk toward the side being stroked

Duration: In utero - 3 or 6 months

Concerns: development of sitting balance; weight shifts can lead to scoliosis

A

Galant

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7
Q

Symptoms of retained ______:

  • bedwetting
  • poor endurance
  • attention difficulties
  • hip rotation to one side/scoliosis
  • poor concentration
  • poor gross motor coordination
  • poor posture
  • poor short-term memory
  • fidgeting/hyperactivity
A

Galant

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8
Q

Stimulus/response
S: noxious stimuli to sole of foot or palm of hand
R: flexion of knee or elbow to withdrawal from stimulus/with flexion and then extension of contralateral let

Duration: 28 weeks - 1 to 2 months

Concerns: standing and walking; upper extremity functional activities

A

flexor withdrawal/crossed extension

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9
Q

Symptoms of retained _____:

  • UE and LE coordination deficits
  • toe walkers
  • standing and walking
A

flexor withdrawal/cross extension

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10
Q

Stimulus/response
S: traction on the upper extremities
R: flexion of the upper extremities with the appearance of helping into a sitting position

Duration: 28 weeks - 4 to 5 months

Concerns: grading of upper extremity responses to movement

Also called pull to sit

A

traction response

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11
Q

Stimulus/response
S: Pressure on the ball of the foot or toes
R: foot will dorsiflex, and toes will curl

Duration: 28 weeks - 9 months

Concerns: Standing with feet flat on ground; balance reactions and weight shifts in standing

A

plantar grasp

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12
Q

Stimulus/response
S: support under the arms while feet are bounced/touch a flat surface
R: bears weight on legs for 20-30 seconds followed by the legs collapsing/sitting

Duration: 35 weeks - 1 to 2 months

Concerns: standing, walking, balance reactions, weight shifts

At risk for plantar contractures

A

positive support

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13
Q

Stimulus/response
S: held upright with a slight forward tilt
R: reciprocal stepping motion of the legs

Duration: birth - 2 months

Concerns: Balance and ambulation

A

stepping/walking

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14
Q

Stimulus/response
S: prone/supine position, turn head to one side
R: Limbs flex on one side, extend on other side

Concerns: feeding, tracking, bilateral hand use, rolling, crawling

Also called bow and arrow or fencer’s position

At risk for mm imbalances

A

Asymmetrical Tonic Neck, ATNR

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15
Q

symptoms of retained _____:

  • balance may be affected as a result of head movements to either side
  • difficulty crossing the midline
  • hand dominance issues
  • poor ocular “pursuit” movements, especially at the midline
  • visual-perceptual problems
  • dyslexia
  • reading, listening, hand-writing and spelling difficulties
A

ATNR: Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

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16
Q 
Stimulus/response
S: Neck flexion
R: UE flex, LE extend
S: Neck extension
R: UE extend, LE flex

Duration: after birth - 3 months

Concerns: persistence may impede many motor skills (prone on UE, maintaining quadruped position, crawling, seated balance when head is moving) and cause spinal flexion deformities

A

Symmetrical Tonic neck, STNR

transitional reflex

integrates 9-11 months

transitions the baby from lying on the floor to being able to crawl

17
Q

symptoms of retained _____:

  • poor, haunched posture
  • headaches from muscle tension in the neck
  • diffficulty writing and reading
  • difficulty sitting still
  • “W” sitting
  • difficulty copying from blackboard
  • vision disorders
  • difficulty staying on task
  • when asked to crawl: bear walks, scoots on bottom
A

symmetrical tonic neck reflex, STNR

18
Q

Stimulus/response
S: stroke across bottom of baby’s foot
R: Babby’s foot will fan out

Duration: birth - 12 months

Concerns: ambulation and balance

A

Babinski

19
Q

Stimulus/response
S: place finger to roof of baby’s mouth
R: Baby will suck on anything put into their mouth

Duration: 28 weeks - 2 to 5 months

Concerns: oral motor development, developing midline head control optical righting, social interaction, visual tracking

A

suck-swallow reflex

PTA 105 Growth and Development (9 decks)

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