Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PTA 105 Growth and Development > Prenatal Development > Flashcards

Prenatal Development Flashcards

1
Q

Average weight gain during pregnancy:

A

20-35lbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pregnancy produced hypertension

A

Preeclampsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peeclampsia SandS (5)

A
  • Significant change in BP after 24wk marker
  • Sudden increase/change in edema
  • excessive weight gain (beyond 35 lbs)
  • Headaches
  • Visual disturbances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Each egg and sperm has # chromosomes.

A

23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A person’s 46 chromosomes have about # genes.

A

25,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called _____.

A

autosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The 23rd pair of chromosomes are _____ chromosomes.

A

sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The functional units of heredity; they determine the production of chemical substance that are the foundation for characteristics and abilities

A

genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_____ regulate the development of all human characteristics and abilities

A

genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the complete set of genes that make up a person’s heredity

A

genotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

features that are produced from the interaction between genes and the environment

A

phenotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

genotypes produce ______. If the alleles are the same they typically produce that ______. If they are different, depends on dominant or recessive alleles

A

phenotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If 2 alleles for disease are present, the child is ____ ____ to develop the disease.

A

more likely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When the ____/____ have more or less than 23 chromosomes, the individual does not receive 46 chromosomes.

A

sperm/egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Abnormal ______ chromosome pairings can also disrupt development

A

sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

traits that are controlled by a single gene

A

either-or phenotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Many separate genes influence behavioral and psychological characteristics

A

polygenic inheritance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Studies use twins and adopted children to better understand ____ ____.

A

poygenic inheritance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

_____ influences typically make children within a family different.

A

environmental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

prenatal development lasts on average __#__ weeks.

A

38

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Prenatal development begins when:

A

sperm successfully fertilizes an egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The 3 stages of prenatal development are:

A
  • zygote
  • embryo
  • fetus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

1st trimester is week # to week #

A

week 1 - week 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

2nd trimester is week # to week #

A

week 13 - week 27

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

3rd trimester is week # to week #

A

week 28 - birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Stage where there is a newly fertilized egg. 2 individual sets of 23 chromosomes are interchanged, one from each parent

A

Zygote Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Zygote stage’s time frame ranges:

A

from conception to early implantation (week 1 and 2)

28
Q

Stage where development includes:

  • umbilical cord
  • eyes, arms and legs
  • brain and nervous system
  • heart starts to beat around 4 weeks
A

Embryo stage

29
Q

during the _____ stage, blood vessels allow exchange of nutrients, oxygen, vitamins, and waste products through the umbilical cord

A

Embryo Stage

30
Q

_____ is most sensitive to environmental toxins

A

embryo

31
Q

Stage where:

  • fetus starts weighing less than an ounce and gains about 7-8 pounds by the end of pregnancy
  • all regions of the brain grow
  • systems develop
  • movements are now obvious
  • sense begin to work
  • sensory experiences form memories
A

Fetal Stage

32
Q

A fetus can survive outside the womb at # - _#_weeks.

A

22-28

33
Q

The fetal stage time frame:

A

9th week to birth

34
Q

embryo stage time frame:

A

3 weeks through 8 weeks of pregnancy

35
Q

There are # stages of labor and delivery

A

3

36
Q

Labor and delivery stage 1 may last:

A

12-24 hours. Contractions start

37
Q

Labor and delivery stage 2:

A

when the baby passes through the cervix and enter the vagina

38
Q

Labor and delivery stage 3:

A

after birth, placenta is delivered

39
Q

Immediately after delivery 3 things happen to the mother:

A
  • breasts begin to produce milk
  • uterus becomes smaller
  • female hormones drop
40
Q

Roughly half of new mothers experience:

A

“baby blues”

41
Q

After delivery excitement turns to irritability and crying spells. Lasts about a week or two

A

“baby blues”

42
Q

about 10-15% of women experience

A

post-partum depression

43
Q

irritability continues for months and is combined with feelings of low self worth, poor appetite, and disturbed sleep

A

post-partum depression

44
Q

babies born before 36 weeks

A

preterm (premature)

45
Q

low birth weight:

A

<5.5lbs

46
Q

very low birth weight:

A

<3.3lbs

47
Q

extremely low birth weight:

A

<2.2lbs

48
Q

4 other common birth complications:

A
  • cephalopelvic disproportion
  • irregular position, shoulder or breech
  • preeclampsia
  • prolapsed umbilical cord- can cause hypoxia
49
Q

an agent that causes abnormal prenatal development (drugs, disease, environmental hazards)

A

teratogens

50
Q

4 common examples of prenatal environmental influences:

A
  • prescription drugs
  • illegal drugs
  • tobacco
  • alcohol
51
Q

prenatal environmental influences are dependent on”

A
  • dose
  • heredity
  • age
52
Q

the impact of ______ change during different times of prenatal development

A

teratogens

53
Q

____ do not effect all body systems, different forms warrant different damages

A

teratogens

54
Q

not all damages associated with teratogens are ____ and _____ at birth

A

evident and noticeable

55
Q

_____ hormones cross placenta

A

stress

56
Q

4 common maternal factors:

A
  • nutrition
  • stress
  • Rh factor
  • Maternal age
57
Q

sound waves introduced via transducer converted into images

A

fetal ultrasound

58
Q

______ determines fetus’ growth; presence of developmental abnormalities

A

fetal ultrasound

59
Q

amniotic fluid extracted used to identify chromosomal or genetic abnormalities

A

amniocentesis

60
Q

diagnostic test from taking a sample of tissue from the chorion (part of the placenta)

A

CVS chorionic villus sampling

61
Q

incomplete closure of neural tube early in pregnancy

A

spina bifida

62
Q

disorder that slows physical growth. Leads to physical abnormalities, cardiac problems, decreased motor coordination, behavioral problems and poor cognitive functioning

A

FAS Fetal alcohol syndrome

63
Q

____ constricts blood vessel and reduces oxygen and nutrients that can reach the fetus via placenta.

A

smoking

64
Q

women who ____ are more likely to miscarry

A

smoke

65
Q

babies born from smoking mothers are more likely to:

A

have low birth weight

66
Q

_______ can also cause babies to be smaller at birth

A

second hand smoke

PTA 105 Growth and Development (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions