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PTA 105 Growth and Development > Adolescence > Flashcards

Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

physical onset of adolescence is marked by the changes that occur during ____.

A

puberty

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2
Q

biological events leading to adult-sized body and sexual maturity

A

puberty

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3
Q

at puberty is more rapid than at any other time of life except infancy

A

rate of development

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4
Q

age on onset of puberty in

girls:

boys:

A

girls: about 10 years
boys: about 12 years

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5
Q

physical changes during puberty

height:
weight:

A

height: increase 10-12 inches
weight: increase 50-75 pounds

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6
Q

physical development is influenced by:

A
  • hormones
  • genetics
  • nutrition
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7
Q

stimulates cell replication and cell growth

targets many cells in body - preferential to bone an muscle cells

A

growth hormone

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8
Q

hormone:

  • stimulates sexual maturity
  • primary sex characteristics: reproductive organ development
  • secondary sex characteristics: internal signs of reproductive development
A

testosterone/estrogen

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9
Q

girls

  1. peak growth spurt achieved around # to # years
  2. peak muscular performance spurt reached around # to # years
  3. ______ and _____ widens to ready for child-bearing
  4. increased ____ deposition
A
  1. 10 - 13.5 years
  2. 11 - 14 years
  3. pelvis and pelvic outlets
  4. fat
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10
Q

boys

  1. peak growth spurt achieved around # years
  2. peak muscular development spurt reached around # years
  3. increased growth in _____.
  4. increase ______deposition
  5. Adult stature reached around # years
A
  1. 14 years
  2. 16 years
  3. shoulders
  4. muscle
  5. 15.5 years
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11
Q

______ contributes significantly to the timing of biological changes that occur in puberty

A

heredity/genetics

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12
Q

nutrition:

increase in _______ stimulates puberty. I decrease in this will delay the start of puberty.

During peak growth spurt boys require 2700 cal/day and girls require 2200 cal/today

A

adipose tissue

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13
Q

No distinct, agreed upon end of puberty. Possible markers include (2):

A
  • closure of epiphyseal plates

- maximum height/adult stature achieved

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14
Q

changes in motor skill performance correlate with physical growth:

fine motor skills are:

A
  • negligible development in adolescence

- smooth, fluid arm and hand movements

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15
Q

gross motor skills during this time are:

A
  • refined calibration of movements

- refined and matured bilateral coordination skills

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16
Q

per CDC reccommended exercise:

A

60 min or more of physical activity daily

17
Q

formal operational stage: developed ability for abstract, systematic and scientific thinking

A
  • don’t need concrete items or objects
  • can evaluate logical statements without referring to real-world circumstances
  • cognitive skills allow for the transfer and adaptation of previously learned tasks to new environments
  • improved temporal organization
18
Q

ability to understand sequencing of time and plan an activity from start to finish (ie. doing laundry)

A

temporal organization

19
Q

during adolescence:

A
  • adult-like working memory, cognitive processing, and speed
  • adult-like knowledge and understanding
  • problem solving more readily and analytically
20
Q

teenagers become quite concerned with what others think of them

A

perspective taking

21
Q

5 stages of perspective taking:

A
  • undifferentiated
  • social-informational
  • self-reflective
  • third-person
  • societal
22
Q

altered decision making:

A
  • decreased rational thinking during decisions

- emphasize short-term goals rather than long term goals

23
Q

identity development:

A
  • vision of self becomes more complex
  • changes to self-esteem linked to peer relationships and athletic capacities
  • need for autonomy = sense of oneself as a separate, self-governing individual
24
Q

achieving and searching for an identity:

A
  • phases/statuses include diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achievement
  • adolescent egocentrism
  • imaginary audience
  • personal fable
25
Q

influences on adolescent development (4):

A
  • peers
  • parents
  • media
  • ability to understand others

PTA 105 Growth and Development (9 decks)

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