Early Development Flashcards
transition from rapid neuromotor development to language, communication, social, and behavioral control
Early childhood, play years (ages 2-6)
Early stages of psychosocial develpment, Erikson’s first 3 stages:
- basic trust vs. mistrust
- autonomy vs. shame and doubt
- initiative vs. guilt
an infant’s growing cognitive and language skills allow them to act as true partners in the attachment relationship (beginning at 18 months)
growth of attachment
4 forms of attachment:
- secure
- avoidant
- resistant
- disorganized
By ______, infants experience all basic emotions: joy, anger, fear, interest, disgust, distress, sadness and surprise.
8-9 months
stranger wariness arrives at ____.
6 months
complex emotions such as ____, _____, and _____ emerge at 10-24 months
- pride
- guilt
- embarrassment
infants can recognize facial expression associated with emotions beginning at ____.
4 months
Types of play (6):
- parallel
- simple social
- cooperative
- make believe
- solitary
- gender differences
children play alone, but maintain interest on what the other is doing
parallel play
engage in similar activities and talk or smile at one another. Starts at roughly 15-18 months
simple social play
there is a theme to play, and children take on distinct roles. Begins at about 24 months
cooperative play
Begins in pre-school years. In early phases it involves realistic props. In later phases it becomes more abstract. Promotes cognitive growth and positive social characteristics through building imagination.
make believe play
Playing alone, experienced in many forms and most are normal. Unhealthy types of this pay include wandering aimlessly and hovering
solitary play
between ages 2-3 children begin to prefer to play with same sex peers, and preferences gets stronger throughout childhood. Girls are associated with enabling actions that support and sustain interaction. Boys are associated with constricting actions that are challenging, threatening, or contradicting others
gender differences
