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HBCS1 > Primary Survey & History Taking > Flashcards

Primary Survey & History Taking Flashcards

1
Q

What does the “SMART” Approach stand for?

A

S- Scene Safety
M- Mechanism of Injury
A- Additional resources
R- Roles and responsibilities
T- Triage

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2
Q

Things to consider for “S” in “SMART”

A

The safety of you and your crewmate
Is PPE required
Is the scene safe for the patient

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3
Q

Things to consider for “M” In “SMART”

A

Is the presenting complaint trauma or medical?
Was is witnessed?
Did it happen from a height?

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4
Q

Things to consider for “A” in SMART

A

Is a second crew needed, fire, police or HART?

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5
Q

Things to consider for “R” in SMART

A

Local guidelines, HCPC, JRCALC
ROLE Criteria

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6
Q

Things to consider for “T” in SMART

A

Stepwise approach - if there is 2 or less unconscious patients approach with caution, if there is 3 or more do not approach and contact control

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7
Q

What is the criteria for ROLE

A

decapitation
massive cranial and cerebral destruction
hemicorporectomy
decomposition
incineration
rigor mortis
exsanguination
DNACPR
living wills and respect forms

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8
Q

During the primary survey what does a “stepwise approach” mean?

A

any abnormalities found during any stage should be resolved before moving onto the next stage.

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9
Q

List the order of immediate actions that you should take when you approach a patient during the primary survey

A

General observations
Catastrophic haemorrhage
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

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10
Q

If a patient only responds to you during a trapeze squeeze where do they fall on the AVPU scale?

A

Pain

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11
Q

What Level of intervention is a head tilt chin lift & a jaw thrust in airway management?

A

Basic

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12
Q

What two pieces of equipment can be used in basic airway management?

A

Oropharyngeal airways
Nasopharyngeal airways

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13
Q

What may be used for intermediate level airway management?

A

Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
I-Gel

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14
Q

What procedures fall under advanced airway management?

A

endotracheal intubation
needle cricothyroidotomy

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15
Q

Name some ways in which an airway can be cleared

A

postural drainage, suction. finger sweep & Magill’s forceps

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16
Q

When assessing the breathing of a conscious patient you should assess the…

A

rate, rhythm and depth

17
Q

When assessing the breathing of an unconscious patient you should open the airway and then…

A

look, listen and feel for breathing

18
Q

Where can each of the following pulses be found:
Femoral
Brachial
Radial
Pedal
Popliteal

A

Femoral - groin
Brachial - upper arm
Radial - wrist
Pedal - top of foot
Popliteal - back of knee

19
Q

What does AVPU stand for?

A

Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive

20
Q

How do you assess the circulation on a conscious patient?

A

Gain consent
Assess peripheral pulse (radial)
Peripheral capillary refill test: squeeze nailbed for 3 seconds and release - time how long it takes blood to return)

21
Q

How do you assess the circulation on an unconscious patient?

A

Central pulse test (carotid/femoral) for 10 seconds
Central capillary refill test: press on sternum for 3 seconds

22
Q

What are the 3 parameters for the GCS and what can each one be scored to?

A

Best eye response: 1-4
Best verbal response: 1-5
Best motor response: 1-6

23
Q

GCS: Eye response 1-4

A
  1. no eye opening
  2. eye opening to pain
  3. eyes opening to sound
  4. eyes open spontaneously
24
Q

GCS: Verbal response 1-5

A
  1. no verbal response
  2. incomprehensible sound
  3. inappropriate words
  4. confused
  5. orientated
25
Q

GCS: Motor response 1-6

A
  1. no motor response
  2. abnormal extension to pain
  3. abnormal flexion to pain
  4. withdrawal from pain
  5. localising pain
  6. obeys commands
26
Q

Adult vital signs: RR & HR & Temperature

A

RR: 12-20bpm
HR: 60-100bpm
Temp: 36-37.5 degrees celcius

27
Q

Adult vital signs: Blood Pressure

A

90/60mmHg - 120/80mmHg

28
Q

Adult Vital signs: capillary refill time

A

less than 2 seconds

29
Q

Adult vital signs: blood glucose (BM)

A

4.4-7.2mmol/L

30
Q

Adult vital signs: oxygen saturation

A

94-99%

31
Q

Medical Model: Presenting Complaint

A

PC
Brief explanation
Things to ask: what’s being going on today? what’s made you call us?

32
Q

Medical Model: History of Presenting Complaint

A

HPC
detailed explanation
Use SOCRATES OR SOCATE

33
Q

Medical Model: Past Medical History

A

PMH
Existing Health Problems

34
Q

Medical Model: Medication History

A

DH
What medication does the patient normally take, have they taken it today? when was medication last reviewed? any side effects?

35
Q

What does SOCRATES stand for?

A

S- site
O- onset
C- character
R- radiation
A- associating symptoms
T- time
E- Exacerbating
S- severity

HBCS1 (7 decks)

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