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Child Health > Primary Care paediatrics > Flashcards

Primary Care paediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

name 5 common presentations to primary care in the neonatal period (up to 4 weeks)?

A 
jaundice
vomiting
sepsis
failure to thrive
"trivia" (e.g milk spots, rash etc)
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2
Q

what can cause jaundice in the neonate?

A 
UTI
hypothyroid
galactosaemia
breast milk jaundice
biliary atresia (thickening of walls of biliary tract?)
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3
Q

what can cause vomiting in the neonate?

A 
reflux
Cows milk protein (CMP) intolerance
pyloric stenosis
sepsis
duodenal atresia
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4
Q

name 5 common respiratory problems in children

A 
bronchiolitis (RSV)
croup
viral URTI
asthma (new or exacerbation)
acute tonsilitis
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5
Q

name 6 rarer causes of respiratory problems in children

A 
CF
acute epiglottitis
foreign body
pneumonia
cardiac causes
malignancy
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6
Q

how does respiratory rate differ in adults and children?

A 
adults should be <20 bpm
children = must faster
<1 y/o = 30-40 bpm
2-5 = 25-30 bpm
>12 = 15-20 bpm
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7
Q

3 common medical causes of abdominal pain in children?

A

gastroenteritis
UTI
constipation

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8
Q

3 common surgical causes of abdominal pain in 0-5 y/o?

A

intussusception
volvulus
incarcerated hernia

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9
Q

4 common causes of abdominal pain in 6-18 y/o?

A

appendicitis
trauma
testicular torsion
ovarian torsion (12+)

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10
Q

how do MSK problems common present to the GP?

A

painful joints
limp
trauma

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11
Q

common causes of joint pain in children?

A 
inflammatory arthritis
perthes disease
SUFE
Osgood schlatters
growing pains
bone tumours
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12
Q

common causes of limp in children?

A

DDH

perthes

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13
Q

common cause of trauma presentation in children?

A

sprain
fracture
NAI

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14
Q

how is impetigo managed?

A

usually topical antibiotics

can need oral if severe

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15
Q

what is slapped cheek?

A

viral infection causing cold like symptoms and a red rash over both cheeks which can/might then progresses to a pink rash over the body after a few days

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16
Q

how is slapped cheek managed?

A

no specific treatment
only supportive
rash should clear after 2 weeks

17
Q

how does molluscum contagiosum present?

A

lots of small spots/papules

will go away but may take up to 2 years

18
Q

how does scarlet fever present?

A

white tongue which then becomes red (strawberry tongue)
red rash over chest and trunk
red face

19
Q

painful lesions in the mouth and hands (may cause lack of desire to eat in children)?

A

hand, foot and mouth

coxakie virus

20
Q

what is involved in development screening at 6-8 weeks old?

A

red light reflex
hips (barlows/ortolanis)
genitalia
femoral pulses

21
Q

what diseases are vaccinated against <1 year old?

A 
diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, haemophilus influenza (Hib) = 3 doses
pneumococcal disease = 2 doses
meningococcal type C = 1 dose
meningococcal type B = 2 doses
rotavirus = 2 doses
22
Q

name 10 red flags for sepsis in children

A

unresponsive to social clues/difficult to rouse
health professionals very worried
weak, high pitched or continuous cry
grunting respiration or apnoeic episodes SpO2 <90%
severe tachypnoea
severe tachycardia
no wet nappies/not passed urine in last 18 hrs
non-blanching rash or mottled/ashen/cyanotic
temp <36
temp >38 in under 3 months old

23
Q

what defines moderate and severe tachypnoea in <1 y/o?

A 
moderate = 50-59
severe = >60
24
Q

what defines moderate and severe tachycardia in <1 Y/o?

A 
moderate = 150-159
severe = >160
25
Q

what defines moderate and severe tachypnoea in 1-2 y/o?

A 
moderate = 40-49
severe = >50
26
Q

whatd efines moderate and severe tachycardia in 1-2 y/o?

A 
moderate = 140-149
severe = >150
27
Q

what defines moderate and severe tachypnoea in 3-4 y/o?

A 
moderate = 35-39
severe = >40
28
Q

what defines moderate and severe tachycardia in 3-4 y/o?

A 
moderate = 130-139
severe = >140
29
Q

name 11 amber flags for sepsis in children?

A 
parent or clinician very concerned
abnormal response to social cues/not smiling
reduced activity, very sleepy
parent/carer reports abnormal behaviour
moderate tachypnoea
SpO2 <91 or nasal flaring
moderate tachycardia
cap refill >3 seconds
reduced urine output
pale or flushed
leg pain or cold extremities
30
Q

what diseases are vaccinated against age 1?

A

Hib and meningococcal type C
pneumococcal
MMR
meningococcal type B

31
Q

what diseases are vaccinated against age 2-11?

A

influenza (annually)

32
Q

what diseases are vaccinated against at 3yrs, 4 months old?

A 
diphtheria
tetanus
pertussis
polio
MMR
33
Q

what diseases are vaccinated against in girls aged 11-13?

A

cervical cancer (HPV)

34
Q

what diseases are vaccinated against around age 14?

A

tetanus, diphtheria and polio

meningococcal types YWCA

Child Health (19 decks)

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