Adolescent Health Flashcards
WHO definition of adolescence?
10-19 years
WHO definition of youth?
15-24 years
WHO definition of young people?
10-24 years
how is pubertal development staged?
Tanner staging
stage 1-5
biological changes in adolescence?
more synapses more myelination more grey matter growth puberty
when do biological changes occur in adolescence?
10-13 years
what psychological changes occur in adolescence?
abstract thinking
identity development
morality
when do psychological changes occur in adolescence?
13-16
what social changes occur in adolescence?
developing autonomy
changing relationships with family and peers
when do social changes occur in adolescence?
16-19
acronym for assessment of developmental stage?
STEPS Sexual maturation and growth Thinking Education/employment Peers/parents
what is abstract though?
applying and translating a concept to other domains of life
thinking about larger consequences, not just the here and now
what must a young person be able to do in order to be deemed competent?
understand simple terms and the nature, purpose and necessity for proposed treatment
understand the benefits, risks and effects of, as well as the alternatives to, non-treatment
understand that the information applies to them
retain the information long enough to make a choice
make a choice free from pressure
what is the age of legal capacity in Scotland?
under 16s can consent to or refuse treatment as long as a present medical practitioner deems them as competent
what is the protocol if a competent young person refuses treatment?
parents cannot authorise a treatment a competent young adult has refused
if treatment is in the best interest of a competent young person who refuses - seek legal advice
weigh up the harm to the rights of children and young people of overriding their refusal against the benefits of treatment
what are the rules for confidentiality in young people?
same rules apply regardless of the age of the patient if they are deemed competent
when can confidentiality be broken?
if the health, safety or welfare of the patient or others would be at risk without disclosure
what is HEEADSSS?
framework to remind us of things we might want to discuss with young people
- Home (home life/relationships)
- Education/employment
- eating (weight, body image)
- Activities (peers, physical activity)
- Drugs
- Sex
- Suicidality
- Safety (risk taking, criminality)
what is the importance of healthcare in adolescence?
poorly managed conditions in adolescence almost universally carries over into adulthood
gains in child health are lost in adolescence
how can the time of onset of disease in adolescence have an affect on the impact if the disease?
during biological changes (10-13) = diseases linked with adolescence can affect pubertal development
during psychological changes (13-16) = affects self esteem, body image etc
during social changes (16-19) = problems with adherence and self-management and exploratory behaviours
