Intro to Child Health

Question 1

what age range does child health cover?

Answer 1

0-14/16/18 in some cases

Question 2

what are the types of abnormal development in children?

Answer 2

disordered development (premature, genetic disorders etc)
incomplete/advanced development (immaturity, precocity,diability)
interplay between genes and environment (risk of acute illness/infection etc)
family social development (education, neglect, social and cognitive reaction)

Question 3

what are the most common problems in newborns?

Answer 3

RDS (respiratory distress syndrome)

- due to prematurity causing lack of surfactant

Question 4

what are the most common problems in infants?

Answer 4

respiratory (bronchiolitis)
GI infections
wheeze
(mainly infections)

Question 5

what are the most common problems in pre-school children?

Answer 5

exanthems
accidents
SID

Question 6

what are the most common problems in school age children?

Answer 6

cognitive disorder
accidents (RTAs)
sexual and emotional difficulties

Question 7

when is death most likely to occur in children?

Answer 7

first year of life

Question 8

how does birthweight relate to infant death?

Answer 8

lower birth weight = higher death risk

Question 9

how does the cause of death change from newborn to adolescent?

Answer 9

communicable causes are main cause as newborn, toddler and young child
injuries becomes larger cause from 10 onwards

Question 10

how are observations made in children in hospital?

Answer 10

PEWS chart

- paediatric early warning score

Question 11

what are the most common presentations in hospital in children?

Answer 11

bronchiolitis/URTI/Croup
gastroenteritis
seizures/epilepsy
pneumonia/LRTI
asthma
viral illness
head injury
abdominal pain
UTI

Question 12

how do social factors affect health in children?

Answer 12

adversity/social deprivation persists into adulthood and manifests in poorer adult mental health and lower resilience in the face of problems in later life

Question 13

what are the two Scottish government incentives for child health?

Answer 13

GIRFEC

SHANARRI

Question 14

what are the principles of surveillance in child health?

Answer 14

identify and treat both physical problems and developmental delay as early as possible
minimise disability and impairment by early and effective intervention
provide support and resources for children with identified conditions
offer health information to promote physical and mental health and well being
identify and support vulnerable children and families