PrevMed Flashcards
In epidemics, death certificate should be secured within
5 days from day of burial
either solid or liquid particle dispersed into air
Aerosol
dispersed solid particle resulting from breakup of larger masses of material
dust
visible aerosol of a liquid by condensation
fog
aerosol of solid particle formed by condensation (molten metal) which reacts with air to form oxide
fume
most significant air pollutant to public health
PM 10
dispersion of solid particle in visible range
mist
aerosol resulting from incomplete combustion of carbon-containing materials
smoke
gaseous phase of material that is ordinarily solid or liquid at room temp and pressure
vapor
major component of “london fog” predominantly acting on upper respi tract
Sulfur dioxide
Most useful cxr finding in asbestosis
Bilateral pleural thickening
Diaphragmatic / pericardial calcification (almost pathognomonic)
cxr finding in silicosis
egg shell patrern (calcified hilar lymph node)
A substance from detergents that is substantially nondegradable leading to persistence of foam in a watercourse
Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate
permissible noise exposure
85-90 dBA for 8 hours
risk factor of cardiovascular disease with highest prevalence
smoking
triad of stomatitis, tremors and erethism is commonly assoc with
mercury poisoning
blood lead levels should not exceed
40 mcg/dL
leading cause of ESRD in the Phil
DM
HTN
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
legal limit for blood alcohol conc allowed in driving
100 mg/dL
general recommendation for DEXA scanning
> 65 years old
father of epidemiology
Hippocrates
first to describe population by doing vital statistics (birth and death data)
John Graunt
discovered that it is possible to vaccinate against small pox
Edward Jenner
investigated a cholera epidemic,
father of modern epidemiology
John Snow
association between smoking and lung CA was done by
Doll and Peto
minimum number of case reports to make a case series
10
most frequently acquired injury at the workplace
muscle strain
industry with the highest accidental rate and the most dangerous occupation
mining and quarrying sector
transmitted by contaminated drinking water
water-borne diseases
transmitted due to inadequate water supply (poor hygiene)
water-washed diseases
transmitted by agents spread by contact with water
water-based diseases
transmitted by insects harboring in water
water related insect-vector diseases
most important single test to find out if water is potentially dangerous
bacteriologic testing
Iodination of water:
___ drops per liter of water
2 drops
most important single treatment of public water supply
chlorination
too much nitrates in water supplies may cause
infantile methemoglobinemia
the only method of disposing radioactive waste safely
use of landfill
first reported form of occupational cancer
chimney sweeps (soot) -squamous cell CA of scrotum
backbone of disease prevention
epidemiology
first link in the chain of infection
infectious agent
permanent total disability is temporary total disability lasting longer than
120 days
aka brown lung disease or monday fever
byssinosis
cotton dust / fabric manufacturing
sampling method used for a reliable community dx
systematic random sampling
chemical asphyxiants
hydrogen sulfide
hydrogen cyanide
carbon monoxide
lab exam that confirms the diagnosis of mercury poisoning
urine
appropriate measure of central tendency in qualitative data
mode
the cause of death reported in statistics (from death certificates)
underlying antecedent cause
confidence limits are calculated using
mean and standard error
hallmark of an analytic epidemiologic study
use of a valid comparison group
causative agent and MOT of typhus
epidemic: Rickettsia prowazekii (body lice)
scrub: Orienta tsutsugamushi (mites/chiggers)
endemic/murine: R. typhi (fleas)
SCREEM family tool to assess available resources
Social Cultural Religious Economic Educational Medical
alteration of behavior by the subjects of a study due to their awareness of being observed
Hawthorne effect
subject bias
substance that is causally associated with pneumoconiosis
coal dust / dust particles
life expectancy at birth for males? females?
males - 68
females - 72
