OBGYN Flashcards
Vaginal tumor occuring before 6 years old
Sarcoma botyroides
Tx of endodermal sinus tumor
Surgery + Chemotherapy
Presence of schiller duval bodies in children <2 y/o
Endodermal sinus tumor
Treatment of urge incontinence
Medical
Structures derived from Mesonephros (Wolffian duct)
Vas deferens
Epididymis
Seminal vesicle
Mullerian duct abnormality assoc with reproductive loss
Septate uterus
Primary amenorrhea is absence of menses by what age
16.5
14 if with no breast devt
Most common cause of primary amenorrhea
Gonadal failure
Secondary amenorrhea is absence of menses longer than
6 to 12 months
During pregnancy, there is increase in all clotting factors except
Factor XI and XIII
Heart rate increases by _____ during pregnancy
10 bpm
What dx test should be done in a patient suspected of having urge incontinence?
Cystometry
Remnant of mesonephric duct in females
Gartner’s duct cyst
vaginal inclusion cyst
Gold standard for uterine lesions (uterine bleeding)
Hysteroscopy
Prolactin level suggestive of pituitary prolactinoma
100 ng/mL
request for cranial MRI
Pharmacologic category of Leuprolide creating a menopause-like state
GH receptor agonist
Gold standard for endometriosis
Laparoscopy
Type of androgen secreted most in the ovaries
Androstenedione
What are the levels of inhibin and activin in menopause patients?
Low inhibin
High activin
Type of androgen specific to adrenal gland
DHEA-S
How long after ejaculation does semen liquefaction happen?
15-20 minutes
Drug of choice for a perimenopausal woman complaining of hot flushes and decreased libido
Tibolone (estrogenic, progestogenic, androgenic)
Most commonly affected in pelvic inflammatory disease
Fallopian tube (acute salpingitis)
What is the most likely lesion?
Postmenopausal
chronic vulvar pruritus
reddish, moist patch on the vulva
Paget’s disease of the vulva
What is the most likely condition? Prepubertal or postmenopausal thinned vulvar epithelium with loss of rete pegs limited to labia majora hourglass or figure-8 formation
Lichen Sclerosus atrophicus
Next step if ASCUS on papsmear
Either:
- HPV DNA testing
- Repeat Papsmear in 6 months
- Colposcopy
Where do you get the specimen in cytohormonal maturation index?
Upper third of vaginal wall
Next step if papsmear showed glandular cells
Colposcopy
Next step if papsmear showed ASC-H or HSIL
Colposcopy
Most commonly identified aneuploidy in abortion
Autosomal trisomy
Window of implantation occurs in which days of the cycle
Day 20-24
Lamellar body count signifying fetal lung maturity
> 20,000
Most sensitive and specific test in determining neural tube defects
Acetylcholinesterase
Most common abnormal fetal position causing dystocia
Persistent Occiput Posterior
Single most reliable sign of fetal compromise
Reduced baseline heart rate variability
Inflammatory marker that is increased throughout pregnancy
CRP
Causes hypoplastic left heart syndrome if taken during the 1st trimester of pregnancy
Nitrofurantoin
Apical displacement of tricuspid valve due to intake of lithium due to pregnancy
Ebstein anomaly
Holoprosencephaly is seen in this genetic abnormality
Patau syndrome
Most common sex hormone abnormality
Klinefelter syndrome
stripping of fetal membranes to increase blood levels of prostaglandin F2a
Ferguson reflex
Most common obstetric cause of DIC
Abruptio Placenta
Variant of umbilical cord insertion in which the cord anchors at the placental margin; seen in multifetal pregnancies
Battledore placenta (marginal placenta)
Variant of umbilical cord insertion that is vulnerable to compression
Velamentous insertion
Most common single defect in congenital rubella syndrome
sensorineural deafness
Contraindicated as prophylactic regimen for malaria during pregnancy
Primaquine
Doxycycline
Most common small vulvar cyst
Epidermal inclusion cyst
or sebaceous cyst
Most common large vulvar cyst
Bartholin’s duct cyst
Endometrial CA with poor prognosis
serous
clear cell
Most frequent sites of nonpelvic mets
lung
upper abdomen
bone
tumor marker of dysgerminoma
LDH
analogous to seminoma of testes
dysgerminoma
tumor marker of endodermal sinus tumor
AFP
tumor marker of immature teratoma
AFP
Marker to determine if source of androgen is peripheral
3a - diol - G
infertility treatment that acts by competing with estrogen-binding sites on the hypothalamus
clomiphene citrate
infertility treatment that acts by inhibiting ovarian androgen steroidogenesis
Metformin
infertility treatment that acts as an aromatase inhibitor
Letrozole
common agents implicated in toxic shock syndrome
clostridium perfringens
clostridium sordelli
group A strep
Dilute Russel Viper Venom Test (DRVVT) is a test for?
lupus anticoagulant
APAS
The pelvic diaphragm is composed of
Levator ani
Coccygeus muscle
What comprises the levator ani
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis
Iliococcygeus
hub nailing is seen in what type of ovarian cancer
Clear cell CA
CA 125
Call exner bodies are seen in this type of malignancy
Granulosa cell tumor
elevated CA 125, inhibin
tumor marker for mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovaries
CA 19-9
causative agent of LGV presenting with buboes (painful inguinal LN)
Chlamydia trachomatis
causative agent of chancroid
H. ducreyi
unchanged paramenters in respiratory system during pregnancy
respiratory rate
total lung capacity
FVC
lung compliance
structures involved in perineal lacerations
1st - fourchette, skin, mm (urethral sphincter)
2nd - fascia and muscles of pb
3rd - external anal sphincter
4th - internal anal sphincter and rectal mucosa
most common malignant germ cell tumor
dysgerminoma
structures involved in perineal lacerations
1st - fourchette, skin, mm (urethral sphincter)
2nd - fascia and muscles of pb
3rd - external anal sphincter
4th - internal anal sphincter and rectal mucosa
3rd most frequent malignancy of lower female genital tract
cervical CA (next to endometrial and ovarian)
2nd most frequent cause of death among gyne malignancies (lower genital tract)
cervical CA (next to ovarian CA)
definitive dx of microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix
cervical conization
not biopsy
tx of microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix
total hysterectomy
drug used to shrink the size of myoma
GnRH agonists (leuprolide)
drug recommended for complex hyperplasia with atypia
high dose progestins
megestrol acetate
drug recommended for simple/complex hyperplasia with or without atypia
intermittent progestins
cardinal movement that is the 1st prerequisite of childbirth
descent
