OBGYN Flashcards by Patricia Atal

Vaginal tumor occuring before 6 years old

Sarcoma botyroides

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Tx of endodermal sinus tumor

Surgery + Chemotherapy

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Presence of schiller duval bodies in children <2 y/o

Endodermal sinus tumor

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Treatment of urge incontinence

Medical

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Structures derived from Mesonephros (Wolffian duct)

Vas deferens
Epididymis
Seminal vesicle

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Mullerian duct abnormality assoc with reproductive loss

Septate uterus

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Primary amenorrhea is absence of menses by what age

16.5

14 if with no breast devt

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Most common cause of primary amenorrhea

Gonadal failure

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Secondary amenorrhea is absence of menses longer than

6 to 12 months

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During pregnancy, there is increase in all clotting factors except

Factor XI and XIII

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Heart rate increases by _____ during pregnancy

10 bpm

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What dx test should be done in a patient suspected of having urge incontinence?

Cystometry

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Remnant of mesonephric duct in females

Gartner’s duct cyst

vaginal inclusion cyst

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Gold standard for uterine lesions (uterine bleeding)

Hysteroscopy

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Prolactin level suggestive of pituitary prolactinoma

100 ng/mL

request for cranial MRI

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Pharmacologic category of Leuprolide creating a menopause-like state

GH receptor agonist

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Gold standard for endometriosis

Laparoscopy

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Type of androgen secreted most in the ovaries

Androstenedione

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What are the levels of inhibin and activin in menopause patients?

Low inhibin

High activin

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Type of androgen specific to adrenal gland

DHEA-S

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How long after ejaculation does semen liquefaction happen?

15-20 minutes

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Drug of choice for a perimenopausal woman complaining of hot flushes and decreased libido

Tibolone (estrogenic, progestogenic, androgenic)

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Most commonly affected in pelvic inflammatory disease

Fallopian tube (acute salpingitis)

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What is the most likely lesion?
Postmenopausal
chronic vulvar pruritus
reddish, moist patch on the vulva

Paget’s disease of the vulva

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``` What is the most likely condition? Prepubertal or postmenopausal thinned vulvar epithelium with loss of rete pegs limited to labia majora hourglass or figure-8 formation ```

Lichen Sclerosus atrophicus

Next step if ASCUS on papsmear

Either: - HPV DNA testing - Repeat Papsmear in 6 months - Colposcopy

Where do you get the specimen in cytohormonal maturation index?

Upper third of vaginal wall

Next step if papsmear showed glandular cells

Colposcopy

Next step if papsmear showed ASC-H or HSIL

Colposcopy

Most commonly identified aneuploidy in abortion

Autosomal trisomy

Window of implantation occurs in which days of the cycle

Day 20-24

Lamellar body count signifying fetal lung maturity

> 20,000

Most sensitive and specific test in determining neural tube defects

Acetylcholinesterase

Most common abnormal fetal position causing dystocia

Persistent Occiput Posterior

Single most reliable sign of fetal compromise

Reduced baseline heart rate variability

Inflammatory marker that is increased throughout pregnancy

CRP

Causes hypoplastic left heart syndrome if taken during the 1st trimester of pregnancy

Nitrofurantoin

Apical displacement of tricuspid valve due to intake of lithium due to pregnancy

Ebstein anomaly

Holoprosencephaly is seen in this genetic abnormality

Patau syndrome

Most common sex hormone abnormality

Klinefelter syndrome

stripping of fetal membranes to increase blood levels of prostaglandin F2a

Ferguson reflex

Most common obstetric cause of DIC

Abruptio Placenta

Variant of umbilical cord insertion in which the cord anchors at the placental margin; seen in multifetal pregnancies

``` Battledore placenta (marginal placenta) ```

Variant of umbilical cord insertion that is vulnerable to compression

Velamentous insertion

Most common single defect in congenital rubella syndrome

sensorineural deafness

Contraindicated as prophylactic regimen for malaria during pregnancy

Primaquine | Doxycycline

Most common small vulvar cyst

Epidermal inclusion cyst | or sebaceous cyst

Most common large vulvar cyst

Bartholin’s duct cyst

Endometrial CA with poor prognosis

serous | clear cell

Most frequent sites of nonpelvic mets

lung upper abdomen bone

tumor marker of dysgerminoma

LDH

analogous to seminoma of testes

dysgerminoma

tumor marker of endodermal sinus tumor

AFP

tumor marker of immature teratoma

AFP

Marker to determine if source of androgen is peripheral

3a - diol - G

infertility treatment that acts by competing with estrogen-binding sites on the hypothalamus

clomiphene citrate

infertility treatment that acts by inhibiting ovarian androgen steroidogenesis

Metformin

infertility treatment that acts as an aromatase inhibitor

Letrozole

common agents implicated in toxic shock syndrome

clostridium perfringens clostridium sordelli group A strep

Dilute Russel Viper Venom Test (DRVVT) is a test for?

lupus anticoagulant | APAS

The pelvic diaphragm is composed of

Levator ani | Coccygeus muscle

What comprises the levator ani

Pubococcygeus Puborectalis Iliococcygeus

hub nailing is seen in what type of ovarian cancer

Clear cell CA | CA 125

Call exner bodies are seen in this type of malignancy

Granulosa cell tumor | elevated CA 125, inhibin

tumor marker for mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovaries

CA 19-9

causative agent of LGV presenting with buboes (painful inguinal LN)

Chlamydia trachomatis

causative agent of chancroid

H. ducreyi

unchanged paramenters in respiratory system during pregnancy

respiratory rate total lung capacity FVC lung compliance

structures involved in perineal lacerations

1st - fourchette, skin, mm (urethral sphincter) 2nd - fascia and muscles of pb 3rd - external anal sphincter 4th - internal anal sphincter and rectal mucosa

most common malignant germ cell tumor

dysgerminoma

structures involved in perineal lacerations

1st - fourchette, skin, mm (urethral sphincter) 2nd - fascia and muscles of pb 3rd - external anal sphincter 4th - internal anal sphincter and rectal mucosa

3rd most frequent malignancy of lower female genital tract

``` cervical CA (next to endometrial and ovarian) ```

2nd most frequent cause of death among gyne malignancies (lower genital tract)

cervical CA (next to ovarian CA)

definitive dx of microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix

cervical conization | not biopsy

tx of microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix

total hysterectomy

drug used to shrink the size of myoma

GnRH agonists (leuprolide)

drug recommended for complex hyperplasia with atypia

high dose progestins | megestrol acetate

drug recommended for simple/complex hyperplasia with or without atypia

intermittent progestins

cardinal movement that is the 1st prerequisite of childbirth

descent