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PLE 2018 > Biochem > Flashcards

Biochem Flashcards

1
Q

All amino acids undergo transamination except

A

Lysine
Hydroxyproline
Proline
Threonine

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2
Q

Coenzyme for transaminases

A

B6

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3
Q

Coenzyme for transketolases

2nd phase of PPP

A

B1

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4
Q

Substrates of urea cycle

A

CO2
Aspartate
NH3

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5
Q

Rate-limiting step of urea cycle

A

CPS 1

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6
Q

Reactions occuring both in the mitochondria and cytosol

A

Heme synthesis
Urea cycle
Gluconeogenesis

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7
Q

How many moles of ATP are needed in the synthesis of urea?

A

3 moles of ATP

4 high-energy bonds

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8
Q

Most common enzyme defect in urea cycle

A

Ornithine transcarbomylase deficiency

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9
Q

Most severe enzymatic defect in urea cycle

A

CPS I deficiency

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10
Q

phenylketonuria results from deficiency of what enzyme/coenzyme

A

phenylalanine hydroxylase

tetrahydrobiopterin

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11
Q

coenzyme for branched chain AA dehydrogenase

A

B1

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12
Q

coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

A

B1

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13
Q

enzymes of urea cycle

A

mitochondria:
CPS I
ornithine transcarbomylase

cytoplasm:
arginosuccinate synthetase
arginosuccinate lyase
arginase

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14
Q

where does HMP shunt occurs

A

in the cytosol

RBCs and tissues that produce lipids (liver, adipose, adrenals, thyroid, testes, lactating mammaries)

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15
Q

key enzyme of the 1st phase of HMP shunt

A

G6PD

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16
Q

which phase of the HMP shunt yields 2 NADPH

A

Phase 1

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17
Q

which phase of the HMP shunt is oxidative and irreversible

A

first phase

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18
Q

condition characterized by kinky hair and growth retardation due to deficiency of copper required by lysyl oxidase

A

Menkes disease

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19
Q

thymidilate synthase is inhibited by which drug

A

5-FU

20
Q

dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase are inhibited by which drug/s

A

TMP-SMX

21
Q

IMP dehydrogenase is inhibited by which drug

A

Mycophenolate

22
Q

RNA primer of the leading strand is synthesized by

A

RNA polymerase

23
Q

RNA primer of the lagging strand is synthesized by

A

RNA primase

24
Q

amino acid necessary for the binding of O2 to heme

A

histidine

25
Q

CO2 is principally transported in the blood as

A

bicarbonate

26
Q

most abundant protein in the body

A

collagen

27
Q

what promotes hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues in collagen

A

Vitamin C

28
Q

coenzyme that is inactivated when bound to arsenic

A

lipoic acid

29
Q

major anaplerotic reaction that replenishes oxaloacetate

A

pyruvate carboxylase

30
Q

rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis

A

PFK-1

31
Q

pancreatic enzymes for protein digestion

A 
pancreTECC:
Trypsin
Elastase
Chymotrypsin
Carboxypeptidase
32
Q

what amino acid becomes essential in methionine deficiency

A

cysteine

33
Q

amino acid that links urea cycle to citric acid cycle

A

fumarate

34
Q

positive allosteric effector of CPS I

A

N-acetylglutamate

35
Q

amino acids that are converted to pyruvate

A 
GlAyColySis
Glycine
Alanine
Cysteine
Serine
36
Q

thyroxine and melanin are precursors of

A

tyrosine

37
Q

tryptophan is the precursor of (3)

A

niacin
serotonin
melatonin

38
Q

(3) precursors of creatinine

A

SAM (methionine)
Glycine
Arginine

39
Q

Glutathione is synthesized from (3)

A

Glutamate
Cysteine
Glycine

40
Q

Coenzyme of acetylcoa carboxylase (lipogenesis)

A

biotin

41
Q

key enzyme in glyceroneogenesis

A

PEP carboxykinase

42
Q

net ATP yield in beta oxidation of palmitic acid

A

106 (new harper)

129 (old harper)

43
Q

rate-limiting step of ketogenesis

A

HMG CoA synthase

44
Q

rate-limiting step of bile acid synthesis

A

7a hydroxylation

45
Q

Lipids that are absolutely essential in the diet

A

Linoleic acid

Arachidonic acid

46
Q

source of atoms common to both purine and pyrimidine rings

A

aspartate

PLE 2018 (12 decks)

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