Preverbal period of development Flashcards
How does communication take place in this stage?
Via gestures and sounds that are universal. Reduction as language takes over
what voice do babies prefer
their mothers voice
what sounds to infants prefer
speech
What kind of speech do infants prefer
infant directed speech, high pitch, high ennunciation, repeated simple sentences
Babies are able to perform categorical perception. What does this mean?
The baby is able to detect differences in speech sounds that correspond to differences in meaning; the ability to discriminate phonemic boundaries
When is categorical perception present?
1 month of age
up until what age can infants distinguish phonemic boundaries in foreign languages?
7 months approx.
By what age can infants no longer discriminate phonemes in different languages?
11 months
what is the ability to segment speech?
segmenting a continuous stream of sounds into individual words; being able to perceive word boundaries
when is segmenting speech accomplished in babies?
1 year of age
what cues are used by infants to perceive word boundaries? (5)
- Frequency of co-occurrence
- pitch
- stressed monosyllable words
- stressed syllable words
- rhythm
what is an outdated name for infant directed speech?
motherese, abandoned because older siblings and dads do it too.
what particular qualities of infant directed speech might facilitate segmenting speech?
Short, simplified, concrete, repetition, high pitch, enunciation, frequent frames
what is the challenge of the initial production of sounds?
development of motor skills, speech organs, and neural systems associated with speaking
what are four practice methods for speech organs employed by babies?
- crying
- cooing
- babbling
- pseudo-speech
