pretest exam 1 questions Flashcards
Which muscle functions in a feed-forward mechanism in anticipation of limb movements?
Multifidus
What is reached when a talk test during exercise reveals a client to be working at ventilatory threshold 2?
The level at which the body can work at its highest sustainable steady-state intensity for only few seconds
Which of the following global muscles’ primary action is hip flexion?
d. Rectus abdominis
What muscles does the tubing (shoulder) external rotation exercise primarily target?
. Infraspinatus and teres minor
What is a characteristic of a type II muscle fiber?
Short-term contractions
What is explained by the sliding filament theory?
The shortening of a sarcomere to produce a muscle contraction
What term best describes the amount of mineral content, such as calcium and phosphorous, in a segment of bone?
Bone density
According to the text, what percentage of Americans older than the age of 20 years are either overweight or obese?
0.72
What is the best next progression for a client who can properly perform the power step-up exercise?
Ice skaters
What is a kilocalorie (kcal)
The amount of energy needed to raise 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius. It is also the same thing as 1 food calorie.
Which muscles are typically overactive in association with lower crossed syndrome?
Hip flexors and lumbar extensors
Local muscles typically consist of which type of muscle fibers?
Type I
Mobility is a combination of which two musculoskeletal components?
Flexibility and joint ROM
What muscles does the tubing (shoulder) internal rotation exercise primarily target?
Subscapularis
What plyometric term relates to a rapid eccentric motion followed by an explosive concentric motion?
Stretch-shortening cycle
What differentiates change of direction from agility?
Reaction to a signal
Which of the following vitamins or groups of vitamins plays a key role in energy metabolism?
B vitamins
What is something that allows a fitness professional to stand out from others in featuring their services?
Unique selling proposition (USP)
Which type of muscle fiber has a large number of capillaries?
Type I
Core and balance exercises are a component of which part of an OPT workout?
Activation
What statement best describes the category of simple sugars?
Single- or double-molecule sugars that are easily absorbed by the body
What is the recommended number of SAQ sessions per week for weight-loss clients?
1 or 2 sessions per week
Which of the following is considered a component of NEAT?
Walking
How should the amortization phase of the stretch-shortening cycle be described?
The transition from eccentric loading to concentric unloading
What do you visualize to detect the movement impairment of knee valgus?
The knees collapsing inward
What concern should you have when prescribing flexibility exercises to a client with osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is considered a contraindication to myofascial rolling.
Why is the hurdler’s stretch considered to be a controversial lower-body stretch?
The stretch provides excessive stress to the inside of the knee.
Which statement is an accurate reflection of exercise and physical activity as it relates to cancer?
Self-myofascial techniques are not recommended for clients receiving chemotherapy or radiation treatments.
What is the primary adaptation for the Muscular Development phase of the OPT model?
Hypertrophy
What is a normal physiologic process of aging that results in arteries that are less elastic and pliable?
Arteriosclerosis
In what training zone are you exercising at a challenging to hard intensity, where continual talking would become challenging?
Zone 2
When performing a floor bridge exercise, why should you not raise the hips too far off the floor?
It may place excessive stress on the lumbar spine through hyperextension.
During which Phase of OPT should the exerciser be most concerned with increasing the speed (repetition tempo) of exercises?
Phase 5 Power
What population is the VT2 talk test appropriate for?
Individuals with performance goals
What mechanism is responsible for increasing the rate of heart conduction?
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system
What is the RDA for protein?
0.8 g/kg of body weight
Which of the following is an appropriate assessment for a senior client who is sedentary?
Pushing test
In most individuals, to what pressure is the blood pressure cuff inflated when measuring resting blood pressure?
b. The cuff is inflated to a value of 20 to 30 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.
Vitamin K supplements should be avoided by those taking which type of medication?
Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin)
What are nonessential amino acids?
Amino acids that can be synthesized by the body if overall nutrition intake is adequate
Why is a jump-down exercise considered more advanced than a jump-up exercise?
Jumping down challenges landing mechanics.
What does optimal reactive performance of any activity depend on?
Speed of force generation
Approximately what percentage of the human body (in male and female adults) is comprised of water?
0.6
What is best defined as the action of expanding the diameter of a blood vessel near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body?
Peripheral vasodilation
Initially, how many sets of SAQ drills are recommended for older adults?
1 or 2 sets
What is the corresponding heart rate for an intensity scored as 14 on the original Borg 6 to 20 scale of exertion?
140 beats per minute
The intensity and direction of someone’s effort describes which of the following?
Motivation
What are triglycerides?
The stored form of fat
