PreOp

Question 1

preoperative phase

Answer 1

begins when pt is scheduled for surgery and ends at time of transfer

Question 2

assessments

Answer 2

age, general status of health, illnesses, review of systems, surgical hx, drug use, pt preferences, allergies, blood donations, discharge planning

Question 2

preparation of surgery and ensuring safety includes

Answer 2

pt understanding, knowledge/educational needs, decrease anxiety, minimize complications, post op adherence

Question 3

malignant hyperthermia

Answer 3

poor reaction to anestheisa causing increase metabolic rate/temp, acidosis and arrhythmias that lead to death

Question 4

cardiac assessment

Answer 4

heart sounds, HR, BP, VTE/DVT hx, edema, cap refill, skin temp, circulation, chest pain or SOB, pacemakers

Question 5

renal assessment

Answer 5

frequency, dysuria, oliguria, hesitancy, color, smell, amount

Question 5

resp assessment

Answer 5

RR, O2 sat, chronic illness, smoking, lung sounds, obesity/obstructive sleep apnea, clubbing, cyanosis

Question 6

neuro assessment

Answer 6

A/O x 4, motor or sensory defects, muscle strength/reflexes, gait

Question 6

musculoskeletal assessment

Answer 6

prothestics, positioning issues, pain

Question 7

psychosocial assessment

Answer 7

anxiety/fear, coping, support

Question 7

skin assessment

Answer 7

lesions, open wounds, piercing/tattoos

Question 8

nutrition assessment

Answer 8

diet, obese or undernourished, BMI

Question 9

urinalysis lab

Answer 9

assess kidney function, note if it contains blood or glucose

Question 10

blood type/screen

Answer 10

done where bleeding in surgery will occur

Question 11

CBC/hemoglobin/hematocrit

Answer 11

make sure a good amount is present, good WBC to fight infection

Question 11

clotting studies, PT, INR, PTT

Answer 11

make sure body has the ability to clot

Question 12

pregnancy test

Answer 12

done for women to ensure no harm is done to a fetus

Question 12

metabolic panel

Answer 12

assess electrolyte balances

Question 13

CT/MRI

Answer 13

only done for specific surgeries (spine)

Question 14

ECG

Answer 14

monitor any heart issues during surgery

Question 15

priority problems for pre op patients are

Answer 15

need for health teaching due to unfamiliarity, anxiety due to fear of unknown experience and outcomes

Question 16

need for health teaching

Answer 16

information, informed consent, implement diet, discuss drugs, explain any tubes/drains, minimize anxiety, promote rest, teach fam

Question 16

informed consent for surgery includes

Answer 16

reason for surgery, who is present, all treatment options with benefits/risks, outcomes, anesthesia risks, blood products benefits/risks, alternatives

Question 17

diet restrictions for surgery include

Answer 17

NPO, allergies, last time they ate/drank, restrictions per surgery, not smoking or most meds

Question 17

skin prep

Answer 17

chlorahexadine shower to prevent bacterial growth, clip hair

Question 18

preventing cardiac and resp complications of surgery

Answer 18

incentive spirometer, cough/deep breathe, chest physiotherapy, splinting abdomen for straining, stockings

Question 19

Electronic health record

Answer 19

ensure all documentation, procedures and order complete with consent, pt information, lab tests, site marking and notification of special needs

Question 20

patient pre op prep

Answer 20

remove most clothing, leave valuables with family, ID band/allergy, follow procedure with dentures, eyeglasses, aids, prosthetics

Question 21

pre operative drugs

Answer 21

follow agency for admin, antibiotics given within 1 hr of cut to prevent infection and sedatives to decrease anxiety

Question 22

pt transfer to surgical suite

Answer 22

review EHR, teaching, administer preop drugs