Geriatric

Question 1

beers criteria

Answer 1

improve med safety in older adults by limiting dosages

Question 2

meds in beers criteria

Answer 2

benzos, opioids, sleeping aids, antihistamines, NSAIDs, pain relievers

Question 3

excessive alc use can cause

Answer 3

falls, impaired cog and mood, isolation, depression, delirium

Question 4

short michigan alcoholism test

Answer 4

score of 2 or more indicated alcohol problem

Question 5

neglect

Answer 5

fails to provide basic needs

Question 6

depression

Answer 6

mood disorder having cog, affective and physical s/s

Question 7

primary depression: physical disorder

Answer 7

lack of neurotransmitters in brain

Question 8

secondary depression: situational

Answer 8

change in life, loss, illness

Question 9

treatment of depression in older adults

Answer 9

drug and psychotherapy, reminiscence, music

Question 10

geriatric depression scale

Answer 10

5 or more is suggestive, 10 or more means depression

Question 11

dementia

Answer 11

slow progressive cognitive decline with impaired of intellectual function

Question 12

delirium

Answer 12

acute state of confusion lasting 1 month

Question 13

hypoactive delirium

Answer 13

quiet, apathetic, lethargic

Question 14

hyperactive delirium

Answer 14

energetic, loud, psychosis

Question 15

causes of delirium

Answer 15

drugs, fluid electrolyte imbalances, infection, hypoxemia, insomnia, neuro/cardio/metabolic disorders

Question 16

interventions for delirium

Answer 16

remove causing factors, calm voice, music

Question 17

alzheimers

Answer 17

structural change in the brain with tangles/placks

Question 18

prevalence of alzheimers

Answer 18

common after 65 but can affect anyone over 40

Question 19

prevention of alzheimers

Answer 19

no true way to prevent, exercise, no smoking/drinking

Question 20

alzheimers causes changes in

Answer 20

attention, judgement, learning, memory, communication, concentration

Question 21

labs/imaging for alzheimers

Answer 21

brain tissue exam at autopsy, MRI, CT, PET

Question 22

pt problems for those w alzheimers

Answer 22

decreased memory and cog, fall risk, elder abuse risk

Question 23

nonpharmacologic interventions for alzheimers

Answer 23

behavior management

Question 24

interventions for alzheimers

Answer 24

safety, prevent falls and elder abuse

Question 25

donepezil for alzheimers (cholinesterase inhibitor)

Answer 25

improves cholinergic neurotransmission

Question 26

memantine for alzheimers (NMDA receptor antagonist)

Answer 26

blocks excess glutamate that damages nerve cells

Question 27

parkinsons disease

Answer 27

degeneration of substantia nigra leading to decreased dopamine and affects mobility

Question 28

4 cardinal symptoms of parkinsons

Answer 28

tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability

Question 29

genetic risk of parkinsons

Answer 29

exposure to chemical and metals, fam hx, TBI

Question 30

physical signs of parkinsons

Answer 30

tremors, rigid, drooling, orthostatic hypotension, trouble swallowing/chewing

Question 31

nonsurgical management of parkinsons

Answer 31

exercise, nutrition, communication

Question 32

levodopa with carbidopa for parkinsons

Answer 32

first drug used in treatment

Question 33

dopamine receptor agonist for parkinsons (ropinirole, pramipexole, bromocriptine)

Answer 33

mimic dopamine and trigger receptor site

Question 34

COMTs for parkinsons (entacapone)

Answer 34

breaks down levodopa

Question 35

MAOI B for dopamine (selegiline)

Answer 35

preserve existing dopamine

Question 36

anticholinergics for parkinsons (benztropine)

Answer 36

manage severe tremors and rigidity

Question 37

s/s of anticholinergics

Answer 37

confusion, urinary retention, dry mouth

Question 38

surgical management of parkinsosn

Answer 38

stereotactic pallidotomy, DBS, fetal tissue transplant